Unit 9: Civil Rights

Question 1

Civil Rights Movement

Answer 1

organized movement from 1955-1968; political movement for equality within the law consisting of both non-violent and armed resistance rebellions

Question 2

Brown vs. Board of Ed Topeka, KS:

Answer 2

Supreme Court case brought forth on behalf of Linda Brown which ruled “separate is not equal”, thus overturning Plessy vs. Ferguson

Question 3

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Answer 3

political and social protest against racial discrimination on the Montgomery, Alabama public buses which lasted from 1955 to 1956

Question 4

Rosa Parks

Answer 4

African American civil rights activist involved in civil disobedience who resisted busing segregation in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955 by refusing to give up her seat on a bus

Question 5

1964 Civil Rights Act:

Answer 5

signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson; federal law that banned discrimination based on race, sex, color, religion or national origin in facilities that served the public

Question 6

1965 Voting Rights Act

Answer 6

signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson; prohibits discrimination in voting

Question 7

Freedom rides

Answer 7

orchestrated by civil right activists known as the freedom riders; interstate bus rides during the summers of 1961 and 1962 in which activists traveled from the North to the South in an effort to enforce the integration of national busing and bus terminals

Question 8

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr

Answer 8

American pastor, humanitarian, Nobel Peace Prize winner, and leader of the civil rights movement for African Americans; encouraged nonviolent civil disobedience methods including the March on Washington; assassinated by James Earl Ray in April 1968

Question 9

Macolm X

Answer 9

Malcolm Little; civil rights activists; changed name to X when he converted as a follower of the Nation of Islam later becoming a minister and a national spokesperson; encouraged complete separation of the races; assassinated by three members of the Nation of Islam in 1965

Question 10

Black Power Movement

Answer 10

prominent political and social slogan and movement in the 1960s and the early 1970s which emphasized racial pride for African Americans

Question 11

James Meredith

Answer 11

October 1962- first African American student admitted to the segregated University of Mississippi; the governor of Mississippi tried to block his admittance; attended for only two semesters

Question 12

sit-ins

Answer 12

method of civil disobedience protest made famous in 1960 by college students in Greensboro, North Carolina at a lunch counter at a department store named Woolworth’s who would not serve African Americans at their counter

Question 13

Little Rock Nine

Answer 13

Nine African American high school students who attended Little Rock Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas in a brave attempt to desegregate the school in 1957 as a result of the Supreme Court ruling Brown vs. Board of Ed; the students were barred by the Governor of Arkansas and were escorted by the National Guard

Question 14

Emmett Till

Answer 14

14 year old Chicago native African American boy who was cruelly murdered in 1955 while visiting family in Mississippi; his body was disposed of in a river; his mother insisted on an open casket funeral as a way to bring attention to the brutality of the segregated south

Question 15

16th Street Baptist Church bombing

Answer 15

Birmingham, Alabama 1963; destruction killed four girls from the age of 11-14 and injured 22 other children; KKK member originally fined $100 for having illegal dynamite, later found guilty of murder at the age of 73 in 1977