upper limb fracture Flashcards
(17 cards)
causes of a scaphoid fracture
fall onto outstretched hand
contact sports
presentation of scaphoid fracture
pain along radial aspect of the wrist at the base of the thumb
loss of grip strength
examinations findings in scaphoid fracture
pain over anatomical snuffbox
wrist joint effusion
pain elicited by telescoping of the thumb
tenderness of the scaphoid tubercle
pain on ulnar deviation of the wrist
investigations in scaphoid fracture
x-ray
MRI is best- not common practice
management of scaphoid fracture
initially: immobilisation with futuro splint or below-elbow backslap
refer to ortho:
- undisplaced: cast for 6-8 weeks
- displaced: surgical fixation
complications of scaphoid fracture
non-union
AVN
dinner fork type deformity
colles’ fracture
features of colles’ fracture
transverse fracture of the distal radius
1 inch proximal to the radio-carpal joint
dorsal displacement and angulation
mechanism of smiths fracture
falling backwards onto the palm of an outstretched hand or falling with wrists flexed
what is a smith’s fracture
volar angulation of distal radius fragment (garden spade deformity)
what is bennett’s fracture
intra-articular fracture at the base of the thumb metacarpal
mechanism of bennett’s fracture
impact on flexed metacarpal, caused by fist fights
x-ray findings of bennett’s fracture
triangular fragment at the base of metacarpal
what is monteggia’s fracture
dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint in association with ulna fracture
mechanism of monteggia’s fracture
fall on outstretched hand with forced pronation
needs prompt diagnosis
what is galeazzi fracture
radial shaft fracture with associated dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint
mechanism of galeazzi fracture
fall on the hand with a rotation force superimposed on it
