Urinary System

Question 1

*Paired reddish-brown organs
*Roughly bean-shaped

Answer 1

Kidneys

Question 2

Location of Kidneys in the Body

Answer 2

dorsal part of the abdominal cavity on each side of the aorta and
caudal vena cava, just ventral to the first few lumbar vertebrae

Question 3

General Species Difference in Both Kidneys’ Location

Answer 3

Right kidney is more cranial, rather in Pig with same level

Question 4

Location of Kidney (Specific)

Answer 4

Retroperitoneal

Question 5

Species Difference where left kidney hangs down into abdominal cavity, thus not retroperitoneal

Answer 5

Cat and Ruminants

Question 6

Species difference in Ruminants of Kidney

Answer 6

Rumen pushes left kidney to the right of median plane

Question 7

Paired glands located against the roof of the abdominal cavity at the
thoracolumbar junction, cranial to kidneys

Answer 7

Adrenal Glands

Question 8

Species Difference when adrenal glands are medial to the kidneys

Answer 8

Horse

Question 9

a concavity in the medial aspect of each kidney –it is where arteries and nerves enter the kidney
while ureter and lymphatic vessel leaves the
kidney

Answer 9

Hilus

Question 10

Wide origin of the ureter in the kidney, receives urine from collecting tubules

Answer 10

Renal Pelvis

Question 11

Species difference without Renal Pelvis

Answer 11

Bovine

Question 12

Cavity that contains the pelvis

Answer 12

Renal Sinus

Question 13

appears striated because of the radially arranged collecting tubules and loop of Henle

Answer 13

Medulla

Question 14

Contains renal corpuscles giving a granular appearance, as well as proximal and distal convoluted tubules

Answer 14

Cortex

Question 15

cone–shaped aggregates of renal tissue where
the medulla and cortex are arranged in units

Answer 15

Lobes

Question 16

Species difference of Renal pyramid where each pyramid is associated with one of the grossly obvious lobes

Answer 16

Bovine

Question 17

Adjacent cortices of individual lobes are fused, surface appears smooth : Species Difference

Answer 17

Pig and Small Ruminants

Question 18

Individual nature of lobes is revealed , however, through persistence of discrete papillae projecting into renal pelvis : species difference

Answer 18

Porcine

Question 19

Individual papillae, like the cortex are fused. It presents as a single longitudinal ridge, renal crest, projecting into the renal pelvis : species difference

Answer 19

Horse and small ruminants

Question 20

Individual pyramids project into minor calyces, cuplike diverticula of the common collecting space within the renal hilus : Species difference

Answer 20

Ox and Pig

Question 21

Right is heart-shaped; Left is
bean-shaped. Renal papillae fused to form renal crest.

Answer 21

Horse

Question 22

Lobated. No renal pelvis. Minor calyces
embrace the renal papillae; lead into major calyces and so
into ureter

Answer 22

Ox

Question 23

Bean-shaped. Renal papillae fused to form
renal crest. Renal crest has two projections – dorsal and
ventral buttresses

Answer 23

Sheep

Question 24

Bean-shaped. Renal pyramids are fused but
their papillae are separate. Minor calyces embrace
papillae, lead into major calyces and thence into ureters.

Answer 24

Pig

Question 25

Bean-shaped. Renal pyramids fused into renal crest. Renal crest projects into distinct renal pelvis

Answer 25

Dog

Question 26

What veins are subscapular renal vessels found in Kidneys of Felidae

Answer 26

Stellate veins

Question 27

Stellate veins : Species difference

Answer 27

Felidae / Felines

Question 28

Position of Right and Left Kidneys in Canine

Answer 28

R: L1-3 , L: L2-4

Question 29

Position of Kidneys in Cat

Answer 29

R: L1-4 , L: L3-5

Question 30

Position of Kidneys in Bovine

Answer 30

R: T13-L3 , L: L2-4

Question 31

Position of Kidneys in Small Ruminants

Answer 31

R: LT13-L2 , L: L4-6

Question 32

in Equine Position of Kidneys

Answer 32

R: T16-L1, L: T18-L3

Question 33

In Porcine or Pigs Kidneys' Position

Answer 33

R: T13-L4 , L: T13 - L4

Question 34

Inflammation of Kidneys

Answer 34

Nephritis

Question 35

It passes over the ventral surface of adrenal gland, it is used to find the adrenal gland in surgery

Answer 35

Phrenicoabdominal vein

Question 36

Removal/ Excision of a kidney

Answer 36

Nephrectomy

Question 37

Surgical incision into a kidney, done to remove calculus

Answer 37

Nephrotomy

Question 38

Inflammation of the kidney and its pelvis

Answer 38

Pyelonephritis

Question 39

Muscular tubes that conveys urine from kidney to the bladder

Answer 39

Ureters

Question 40

Both prevent reflux flow of urine to the kidney

Answer 40

Valve and oblique angle of entrance

Question 41

Hollow piriform muscular sac lying on the pelvic floor

Answer 41

Urinary bladder

Question 42

A thick walled piriform organ

Answer 42

Empty contracted bladder

Question 43

Main part of the bladder having a dorsal and ventral surface

Answer 43

Body

Question 44

Constricted portion of bladder continuous posteriorly with the urethra

Answer 44

Neck

Question 45

Blunt, flask-shaped anterior extremity

Answer 45

Fundus

Question 46

Scar on the fundus which indicates fetal attachment of the urachus

Answer 46

Centrum

Question 47

Triangular area in the vicinity of the neck, formed by modified mucous membrane, sensitive to pressure

Answer 47

Trigone

Question 48

Three peritoneal folds that keeps bladder in position

Answer 48

Middle and two lateral umbilical folds

Question 49

Inflammation of urinary bladder

Answer 49

Cystitis

Question 50

Opening of urinary bladder

Answer 50

Cystotomy

Question 51

Tapping of urinary bladder with a needle to remove urine, to prevent rupture

Answer 51

Cystocentesis

Question 52

It commences at the neck of the bladder and terminates at the exterior

Answer 52

Urethra

Question 53

From bladder to ischial arch part of Urethra

Answer 53

Pelvic

Question 54

From ischial arch to glans penis

Answer 54

Extra-pelvic

Question 55

Short and dilatable

Answer 55

Female urethra

Question 56

A blind pouch, situated beneath the external urethral orifice

Answer 56

Sub-urethral diverticulum

Question 57

Species difference in Female urethra : Sub-urethral diverticulum

Answer 57

Ox and Sheep