uworld wrong1 Flashcards
what Valve problem and cause can be present after an MI and goes away after treatment
MR/due to papilary muscle dysfxn
what heart sound preced S1
S4
S4 heart sound is best heard in what position
putting the pt lying on there lft side(lft lat. decubitus)
Verapamil MOA
Nondi-(heart) slows spontaneous depo( HTN, Afib, angina)
SE; prolactinoma, AV blk, bradycardia, constipation
dystrophic calcification is a hallmark of what
cell injury/death(necrosis)
what determines prognosis of TOF
Pulmonary stenosis(RV outflow obstruction)
what are the mjr risk for AAA
> 65, SMOKING, Male
what causes the continuous murmur in Coarctation of aorta
increased blood flow thru collateral blood vessels(internal thoracic art)
Dialated cardiomyopathy is what type of hypertrohy
ECCENTRIC(increase vol)
what are chlohexidine(causes leakage of cell membrane disruption) efective against
enveloped viruses, bacteria & fungi. NOT effective against nonenveloped icosahedral viruses(hep A picornavirus)
what are sodium hypochlorite & chlorine DIOXIDE effective against
naked viruses, spores, protozoa, bacteria they DENATURE PROTEINS
Histo of coagulative necrosis
Pale no nuclei also look for wedge shape in organ
fibrinoid necrosis ouccurs in what
Vasculitis/malignant HTN
what’s part of the intrinsic ptwy for apoptosis
mitochondria, cytochrome C, BCL2
by what ptwy does negative selection induce apoptosis
FAS ligand (CD95) extrinsic
melanosomes purpose
synthesis/storage of melanin
what’s the mechanism behind partial albinism in chediak Higashi
due to abnormal intracellular transport of melanosomes cuz of mutation in the LYST
Hyperchylomicronemia(I) risk of developing what?
def=Apo CII/LPL
pancreatitis, eruptive xanthoma, hepatosplenomegaly.
what nerve can be effected in Prostectomy causing erectile DFX
cavernous nerve(originate from Inf. hypogastric plexus)
In androgen Insensitivity Syndrome what are there presentation
Karyotipically male(46XY) phenotypically=FEMALE blind vaginal pouch
what would differentiate Insulinoma VS sulfonylureas
Insulin secretagogues is ABSENT in INSULINOMA but present in Sulfonylurea
Cyclosporine causes what effect in the mouth
GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA
what drugs should be avoided in close angle glaucoma
Epi(a&B agonist) Atropine cause of mydriasis
what are the liver flukes STEC
Schisto(mansoni Liver cancer, Hematobium Squamous bladder cancer)
TOXOCARA=from dog or cat diah & larva penetrate the owner skin
ECHINOCOCCUS=LIVER CYST
CLONORCHIS=INCREASE in ALP
