week 12 pharm part 2 (actual drugs)

Question 1

what are the two antimetabolites

Answer 1

methotrexate
fluorouracil

Question 2

what are the two antitumout antibiotics

Answer 2

doxorubicin
bleomycin

Question 3

what are the two mitotic inhibitors

Answer 3

vincristine
paclitaxel

Question 4

what is the alkylating agent

Answer 4

cyclophosphamide

Question 5

what is the MOA of cyclophosphamide

Answer 5

it causes alkylation of DNA which destroys DNA in cancer cells and prevents them from being able to repair themselves

Question 6

which phase does cyclophosphamide act on

Answer 6

any phase of the cell cycle

Question 7

what is a unique adverse effect of cyclophosphamide

Answer 7

may cause bladder injury

Question 8

what is the MOA of methotrexate

Answer 8

it inhibits folic acid which is required for DNA and RNA synthesis

Question 9

which phase of the cell cycle does methotrexate act on

Answer 9

S phase

Question 10

what is a unique adverse effect of methotrexate

Answer 10

pulmonary fibrosis

Question 11

what is leucovorin rescue

Answer 11

its a drug used to enhance the effects of methotrexate while reducing harm to normal cells.
can also be adjunct with fluorouracil

Question 12

what enzyme does fluorouracil inhibit

Answer 12

thymidylate syntehtase

Question 13

which type of tumours do fluorouracil treat

Answer 13

solid tumours (with surgery and radiation as well)

Question 14

what phase of the cell cycle does fluorouracil act on

Answer 14

s phase

Question 15

between doxorubin and bleomycin, which drug will injure the lungs and which may injure bone marrow and heart

Answer 15

doxorubin: myelosuppression and heart damage

bleomycin: lung injury

Question 16

how do the anti tumour antibiotics work

Answer 16

they injure cells with direct interaction with DNA, slips through DNA, binds to it and destroys it all together

Question 17

which phase of the cell cycle does doxorubin act on

Answer 17

cell cycle phase non specific

Question 18

which phase of the cell cycle does bleomycin act on

Answer 18

G2

Question 19

what is the MOA of vincristine

Answer 19

it binds to tubular and disrupts mitosis (stops cells from splitting)

Question 20

which cytotoxic drug is a known vesicant

Answer 20

vincristine

Question 21

which phase of the cell cycle does vincristine act on

Answer 21

M phase

Question 22

which phase of the cell cycle does paclitaxel act on

Answer 22

late G2 and M phase

Question 23

what are some unique adverse effects of paclitaxel

Answer 23

cardiotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy

Question 24

whats the main difference between antiestrogens and aromatase inhibitors

Answer 24

antiestrogens: blocks estrogen receptors, used for younger women

aromatase inhibitors: blocks enzyme that makes estrogen, better for post menopausal women

Question 25

which phase of the cell cycle will antimetabolites act on

Answer 25

S (because they stop DNA synthesis)

Question 26

which is the only drug that acts on G2 phase

Answer 26

Belomycin

Question 27

what are the 2 cell cycle non specific drugs

Answer 27

cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin

Question 28

which drugs inhibit M phase

Answer 28

mitotic inhibitors like vincristine and paclitaxel

Question 29

which is the only drug that inhibits G2 and M phase

Answer 29

paclitaxel

Question 30

which cardiotoxic drugs are derived from plants

Answer 30

both mitotic inhibitors

Question 31

which cardiotoxic drug is derived from periwinkle

Answer 31

vincristine

Question 32

which cardiotoxic drug is derived from taxus plants (yews)

Answer 32

paclitaxel

Question 33

whats urticaria and which drug may cause it

Answer 33

anaphylactic symptoms such as hypotension, dyspnea, angioedema and hives comes from paclitaxel