Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Pathopharmacology I > Wk 4 Gallbladder Problems > Flashcards

Wk 4 Gallbladder Problems Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is cholelithiasis?

A

Gallstones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is cholyecycstitis?

A

Inflammation of the gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the etiology of cholelithiasis?

A

Unknown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How are gallstones removed?

A

Surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are 7 risk factors for cholelithiasis?

A

Gender
Age, over 40
Estrogen
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Diet
Family history

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes severe pain of cholelithiasis?

A

Gallstones migrate and get stuck in the bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Gallstones affect what percentages of men and women?

A

6% of men
9% of women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What diet is a risk factor for gallstones?

A

High in cholesterol and fat
Low in fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does bile come from?

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

Gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why does the gallbladder release bile?

A

After we eat to help with fat digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

It helps to digest lipids and transport waste products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 6 components of bile?

A

Bilirubin
Cholesterol
Bile salts
Water
Protein
calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What gives bile its color?

A

Bilirubin, it’s dark brownish color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the pathogenesis of cholelithiasis start?

A

Bile stasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens when there is bile stasis?

A

It becomes super saturated with cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What happens when bile is saturated with cholesterol?

A

It forms precipitates which form the gallstones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

3 steps to gallstone formation

A

Bile stasis
Cholesterol accumulation
Precipitate formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are 3 things that can happen if the gallstones migrate?

A

Pain
Obstruction
Cholecystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What quadrant is the pain located?

A

RUQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What symptom will the patient present with if there is a bile duct obstruction?

A

obstructive jaundice with increased conjugated bilirubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is conjugated bilirubin?

A

Water-soluble bilirubin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

If the stones are small, few and not moving the cholelithiasis manifestations will be

A

Silent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Severity of manifestations depends on…

A

Movement of stones
Obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
The pain associated with gallstones in the bile duct is known as what?
Biliary colic
26
Biliary colic is a __ \_\_ pain
Steady severe pain
27
How long does biliary colic last?
About an hour
28
Where is biliary colic located?
RUQ
29
Where can biliary colic radiate to?
right shoulder
30
When does biliary colic occur?
Roughly 3-6 hours after a fatty meal has been consumed
31
What does a patient present with during biliary colic pain?
Tachycardia Diaphoresis Epigastric pain
32
Why does a patient with cholelithiasis look jaundice?
Bile cannot flow into duodenum
33
What does the urine look like of a patient with cholelithiasis?
Dark amber color that foams when shaken
34
What causes a patient's urine to look like that with cholelithiasis?
Soluble bilirubin in urine
35
What color are the stools of a patient with cholelithiasis?
Clay colored
36
Why do patients with cholelithiasis have clay colored stools?
Bilirubin does not reach small intestine to be converted into urobilinogen
37
What is steatorrhea?
Increased fat in stools
38
Why does a patient with cholelithiasis have steatorrhea?
No bile salts in duodenum, preventing fat digestion
39
Why does a patient with cholelithiasis have pruritis?
Deposit of bile salts into skin tissues
40
Why does a patient with cholelithiasis have an intolerance to fatty foods?
There is no bile in the small intestine to help with fat digestion
41
Why does a patient with cholelithiasis have bleeding tendencies?
Decreased absorption of vitamin K
42
What is needing for the absorption of vitamin K?
Bile
43
Vitamin K is an essential to produce...
Clotting factors
44
What type of vitamin is vitamin K?
Fat-soluble
45
What labs might you see with a patient with cholelithiasis?
Prolonged INR Prolonged PTT
46
What does a patient with cholelithiasis have a prolonged INR and PTT?
Because they have decreased absorption of Vitamin K, which is needed to make clotting factors.
47
What is the most common cause of cholecystitis?
Obstruction from gallstones and biliary sludge
48
What are 5 other potential causes of cholecystitis?
Prolonged immbolity Fasting Bacterial infection TPN Diabetes mellitus
49
If a patient is NPO for a long time, and they start to develop a fever it may be...
their gall bladder
50
How does the pathogenesis of cholecystitis start?
Obstruction that causes inflammation
51
When the gallbladder is inflamed it becomes... (3)
Edematous Hyperemic Distended
52
Overtime if the inflammation continues, what will happen to the gallbladder?
Scarring and decreased function
53
What are the s/s of cholecystitis?
Fever N/V Restlessness Diaphoresis colic pain
54
With cholecystitis what will the lab value of bilirubin look like?
Increased (of conjugated bilirubin)
55
What produces the conjugated bilirubin?
Liver
56
Why does a patient with cholecystitis have elevated liver enzymes?
Backup of bile
57
Will the liver enzymes of a patient with cholecystitis be high or low?
High
58
Why does a patient with cholecystitis have leukocytosis?
Due to the inflammation process
59
What is amylase?
A pancreatic enzyme that releases into the common bile duct
60
When would we see damage to the pancreas in a patient who has cholecystitis
If the blockage is low enough in the common bile duct that it is blocking the pancreatic duct
61
If a patient with cholecystitis has damage to their pancreas, what would we see an increase in?
Amylase
62
With cholecystitis, if there is an infection it can lead to...
Peritonitis and death
63
The peritoneum is supposed to be...
sterile
64
What analgesic is typically prescribed for pain control concerning cholecystitis?
ketorolac (Toradol)
65
What type of drug is given for the nausea and vomiting associated with cholecystitis?
Antiemetics
66
Why are anticholinergics given to patients with cholecystitis?
To decrease gallbladder secretion and stop smooth muscle spasms
67
Why are bile acids sometimes given to patients with cholecystitis?
To dissolve stones
68
If a patient with cholecystitis can't control their pain with ketorolac (Toradol), what would we bump them up to?
morphine hydromorphone (dilaudid)
69
Anticholinergics have the __ effect
drying

Pathopharmacology I (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions