1 - Paeds - ENT - AOM + Tonsillitis Flashcards
occurs when mostly? why?
at 6-12 months
young are at risk due to short, horizontal, poorly functioning eustachian tubes
TM appearance?
bright red
bulging
loss of cone of light
occasionally acute perforation > pus in external canal
symptoms?
pain in ear, fever»_space; always check ear if fever
possible leaky ear
Viral pathogens (2) Bact pathogens (2)
RSV, rhinovirus
Pneumococcus, H. influenzae
mgmt? although..? when to use ABx?
regular analgesia for pain once inflamm settles
although most AOM resolves spontaneously
only if no improvement after 2-3d - amox
2 serious complications
recurrent AOM -> ? - Sx of this?
mastoiditis and meningitis (rare)
OME (OM with effusion) (glue ear) - usually aSx other than poss hearing loss
TM appearance in OME
confirmed how?
- dull and retracted due to pressure, often visible fluid level
- flat trace on tympanometry, and conductive HL on PT audiometry
OME - common ages? most common cause of? can interfere with? and cause what?
2-7y
most common cause of CHL in children
can interfere with speech development and cause LD in school
MGMT of OME
grommets
adenoidectomy - harbour pathogens that spread to ET OR hypertrophy and obstruct ET
tonsillitis - pathogens? not possible to do what?
Gr A B-haemolytic strep or EBV
not poss to differentiate bact v viral clinically
tonsillitis - common to see in bacterial? % bacterial?
headache, apathy, abdo pain, white exudate, cervical lymphadenopathy
1/3
mgmt of tonsillitis - ABx - if? what? helps how? how long? why?
penicillin/erythromycin if severe - hasten recovery from strep
10d - eradicate organism and prevent rheumatic fever
tonsillitis - when to admit for IV fluids and analgesia? why avoid amoxicillin?
prevent swallowing solids or liquids
avoid cos can cause rash if EBV
