10. Water-electrolyte balance disturbance. Clinical laboratory parameters for evaluation of water-electrolyte balance. Flashcards
What is the Principle of Water-Electrolyte Balance?
Water Intake = Water Loss
What are Electrolytes?
Minerals / Salts
Which BECOME Ions in Solution
Have Capacity to Conduct Electricity
Maintain Water-Electrolytes Balance
What are the MACRO Electrolytes?
Sodium, Na+
Chloride, Cl-
Potassium, K+
Magnesium Mg++
Calcium Ca++
Phosphate HPO4-
Bicarbonate HCO3-
What are Electrolytes Involved in?
Homeostasis
Assist in Heart + Neuro Function
Fluid Balance
Acid-Base Balance
Oxygen Delivery
What Causes Water-Electrolytes Disturbance?
Overeating / Malnutrition
A LOT / LITTLE Elimination from Body
Kidney Failure
Diarrhoea + Vomiting
What is Performed to Measure the Level of Electrolytes and pH of the Blood?
Electrolyte Test
What are the Clinical Laboratory Parameters for Evaluation of Water-Electrolyte Balance?
Isotonic HYPERHydration
HYPOtonic HYPERHydration
HYPERtonic HYPERHydration
HYPERtonic DEHydration
When is the Total Serum Protein INCREASED?
Any Disturbance Involving DEHYDRATION!
When is the Total Serum Protein DECREASED?
Any Disturbance Involving HYPERHYDRATION!
When is the Hematocrit INCREASED?
Any Disturbance Involving DEHYDRATION!
SAME as Total Serum Protein!
When is the Hematocrit DECREASED?
Any Disturbance Involving HYPERHYDRATION!
SAME as Total Serum Protein!
When is there INCREASED Na Levels (Hypernatremia)?
Any Disturbance
That is HYPERTONIC
When is there DECREASED Na Levels (Hyponatremia)?
Any Disturbance
That is HYPOTONIC
When is there INCREASED OsmoLALity?
Any Disturbance
That is HYPERTONIC
SAME as Sodium Levels!
When is there DECREASED OsmoLALity?
Any Disturbance
That is HYPOTONIC
SAME as Sodium Levels!
