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Clinical Laboratory > 26. Urea > Flashcards

26. Urea Flashcards

1
Q

What does Urea Consist of?

A

Approximately 50% is Nitrogen

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2
Q

What is Urea?

A

By-product of Protein Metabolism

By Liver

Removed from Blood, by Kidneys

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3
Q

What are the Characteristics of Urea?

A

NOT Toxic

Neutral

HIGHLY Water-Soluble

HENCE - Safe way to transport + excrete excess nitrogen

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4
Q

How Much Urea is Reabsorbed in the Renal Tubules?

A

40%

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5
Q

What is the Blood, Urea, Nitrogen Test (BUN)?

A

Measure of Amount of N2 in Blood

IN FORM of Urea

Measurement of Renal Function

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6
Q

What are the Analytical Methods of the BUN Test?

A

Colorimetric

Enzymatic Methods = HIGH Analytical Reliability

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7
Q

What are the Errors of the BUN Test?

A

Urease is SUPPRESSED by Heavy Metals

Interfered by

  • Hemolysis
  • Lipemia
  • Endogenous NH3 + Drugs
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8
Q

What are the Indications of BUN Test?

A

Non-Clarified Comas

Post-Surgery Control

Patients on Haemodialysis

Chronic / Acute Renal Failure

Control of Food Protein Intake = Chronic Renal Failure

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9
Q

Is Urea an Adequate Indicator for Early Diagnosis of Renal Diseases?

A

NO

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10
Q

What Specimen are Required for the BUN Test?

A

Blood

Urine

Other Samples

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11
Q

When Must the Specimen should be Collected?

A

7 - 9 am in MORNING

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12
Q

What is Required of the Patient for the BUN Test?

A

NO Drugs

Physical + Psychological Rest BEFORE + DURING the Procedure

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13
Q

When is Blood Withdrawn in the BUN Test?

A

15 - 20 Minutes

AFTER SEATING

Hands MUST NOT Hang Down

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14
Q

What are the Reference Ranges of Urea Serum In MALE?

A

3.2 - 8.2 mmol / L

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15
Q

What are the Reference Ranges of Urea Serum In FEMALE?

A

2.6 - 7.2 mmol / L

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16
Q

What is the Indicator for HIGH Levels of Urea Serum?

A

MORE than 50 mmol / L

17
Q

What Conditions are Pre-Renal, associating with HIGH Urea Levels?

A

Congestive Heart Failure

Shock

Haemorrhage

18
Q

What Conditions are Renal, associating with HIGH Urea Levels?

A

Acute / Chronic Renal Failure

Glomerular Nephritis

Kidney Injury / Disease = Due to Diabetes

19
Q

What Conditions are Post-Renal, associating with HIGH Urea Levels?

A

Urinary Tract Obstruction = Renal Calculi

Bladder Tumours

Prostatic Tumours

Inflammatory Diseases

20
Q

What Conditions are associated with LOW Urea Levels?

A

Liver Problems = Severe Liver Diseases

Malnutrition

Excessive Alcohol

Overhydration from IV Fluids

Clinical Laboratory (31 decks)

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