21 + 22. Total protein | Major protein fractions Flashcards
What are the Functions of Proteins?
- Plasticity
- Molecular Substrate for Realization of Genetic Info
- Homeostasis
- Contractility
- Energy Source
- Transport
- Receptors for Hormones, Igs and Cytokines
What is the Total Protein Test?
Measures Total Amount of 2 Classes - Albumin + Globulin
Found in Fluid of Blood
What is the Role of Albumin?
Helps prevent fluid leakage from BVs
What is the Role of Globulin?
Important for Immune System
What are the 4 Types of Globulins?
α1, α2, β,
and γ globulins.
What Specimen is Required for Total Protein Test?
Blood Sample
Where is Blood Withdrawn for the Total Protein Test?
Vein INSIDE the Elbow
Vein AT BACK of Hand
What are the Indications for a Total Protein Test?
Nutritional Problems
Kidney Disease
Liver Disease
What is the Reference Range of Total Protein?
60 - 83 g / L
What are the Analytical Methods for Protein?
- Protein Electrophoresis
- Biuret Reagent
- Kjedhal Method
- Refractometry
1| What is Protein Electrophoresis?
separates proteins in the blood
based on their electrical charge
2| What is Biuret Reagent?
proteins mixed with Cu2+ in alkaline solution
results show a purple mixture
MORE Protein = DARKER Colour
What do HIGH Protein Levels (HYPER-Proteinemia) Indicate?
Chronic Inflammation / Infection
HIV
Hepatitis B or C
Multiple Myeloma
Waldenstrom Diease
What do LOW Protein Levels (HYPO-Proteinemia) Indicate?
Agammaglobulinemia
Bleeding = Haemorrhage
Burns
Glomerulonephritis
Liver Disease
Malabsorption / Malnutrition
Nephrotic Syndrome
What is the Function of α1-globulins?
Lipid Transport
