Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Neuroscience > 12b: Limbic System > Flashcards

12b: Limbic System Flashcards

(75 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Limbic system is collection of structures in (telen/dien/mesen)-cephalon.

A

All tree

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Functionally, all limbic system structures are implicated in experience or (X) of (Y).

A 
X = expression
Y = emotion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Limbic lobe is composed of (telen/dien/mesen)-cephalic structures.

A

Telencephalic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The limbic lobe “borders” which ventricular structure?

A

Foramen of monro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The (X) structures of the limbic lobe are the (oldest/newest) cortical areas to emerge. List them.

A

Oldest;

  1. Allocortex
  2. Periallocortex
  3. Proisocortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Allocortical structures of limbic (lobe/system) have (X) number of layers. List these structures.

A

Lobe;
X = 3

  1. Hippocampus
  2. Primary olfactory cortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Periallocortex structures of limbic (lobe/system) have (X) number of layers. List these structures.

A

Lobe;
X = 4-5

  1. Entorhinal cortex
  2. Parahippocampal gyrus
  3. Cingulate cortex
  4. Orbitofrontal cortex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The Proisocortex surrounds (X) and has (Y) number of layers. It contains the same structures as (Z), but the portions adjacent to (neocortex/ventricles).

A

X = Z = periallocortex
Y = 5
Neocortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

List the subcortical structures of the limbic system. These are (telen/dien/mesen)-cephalic structures.

A

Telencephalic;

  1. Amygdala
  2. Basal forebrain (cholinergic nuclei)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The basal forebrain is part of the (telen/dien/mesen)-cephalic structures of limbic system. It includes which nuclei?

A

Telencephalic;

  1. Septal nuclei
  2. Diagonal band nuclei
  3. Nucleus basalis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

List diencephalic components of limbic system, which have variety of (afferent/efferent) connections with telencephalic limbic lobe.

A

Both;

  1. Hypothalamus (all nuclei)
  2. Thalamus (anterior and MD nuclei)
  3. Epithalamus (habenular nuclei)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List mesencephalic components of limbic system, collectively called (X).

A

X = limbic midbrain areas (LMA)

  1. VTA
  2. PAG
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Olfactory receptor axons terminate on second-order (X) cells, which then project to (Y) via (Z) tract.

A 
X = mitral
Y = primary olfactory cortex
Z = lateral olfactory tract
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Axons of primary olfactory cortex project to (X).

A

X = amygdala and entorhinal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F: Multimodal association areas project into the limbic system.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The largest area/lobe containing multimodal association areas is:

A

Prefrontal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lesions to (X) structure seems to affect “appropriateness” of (Y) responses and “associative learning”

A 
X = amygdala
Y = emotional
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Give an example of problem with sensory-sensory association, a symptom of lesion to (X).

A

X = amygdala

Inability to associate visual appearance of ball with its somesthetic feel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lesion to (X) causes Kluver-Bucy syndrome.

A

X = amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The amygdala receives afferent input from which sensory modalities? Via which structures, respectively?

A

All;

  1. Sensory association cortices (vision, audition, somatic)
  2. Parabrachial nucleus in pons (taste/visceral)
  3. Primary olfactory cortex (olfaction)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Amygdala receives afferent input from which telencephalic structures of limbic system?

A
  1. Basal forebrain
  2. Orbitofrontal cortex
  3. Entorhinal cortex/hippocampus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Amygdala receives afferent information about sexual drive from which structure?

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

(Like/unlike) striatum, amygdala receives (minimal/massive) input from entire cerebral cortex.

A

Like; massive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

(Like/unlike) striatum, amygdala sends output to (X) nucleus of thalamus.

A

Unlike;

X = MD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Amygdala sends efferent projections to (anterior/posterior/medial/lateral) hypothalamus via which pathways? Star the longest one.
1. Medial hypothalamus via Stria terminalis* | 2. Lateral hypothalamus via Ventral Amygdalofugal pathway
26
Stria terminalis pathway from (X) to (Y) follows the shape of which structure?
``` X = amygdala Y = medial hypothalamus ``` Caudate
27
Ventral Amygdalofugal (VAF) pathway from (X) to (Y) travels (ventrally/dorsally) and gives off fibers that project to (Z).
X = amygdala Y = lateral hypothalamus; Dorsally; Z = MD thalamus and basal forebrain
28
Aside from basal forebrain and hypothalamus, the amygdala has efferents to which cortices.
1. Prefrontal 2. Entorhinal (then hippocampus) 3. Sensory association cortices
29
Patient carries perfectly normal conversation one moment, but forgets the content/occurrence of the conversation a mere 5 min later. This is sign of damage to:
Hippocampus
30
Damage to hippocampus likely present with (retrograde/anterograde) amnesia.
Anterograde
31
Damage to hippocampus preserves (retrograde/anterograde) memories. This indicates that memories are stored (within/outside) hippocampal formation.
Retrograde; | outside (neocortex)
32
List the hippocampal afferents.
1. Multimodal and olfactory cortices (sensory) 2. Amygdala (viscero-sensory) 3. Cingulate cortex (nociception/emotional state)
33
Hippocampus sends efferents to which structure(s) via the fornix?
1. Basal forebrain 2. MB/Hypothalamus 3. Anterior Nucleus (thalamus)
34
Hippocampus sends efferents to which structure(s) via direct corticocortical projections?
1. Amygdala 2. Entorhinal cortex 3. Multimodal parahippocampal, cingulate, and prefrontal cortices
35
In LTP experiment for hippocampus, you'd place stimulating electrode in (X) and recording electrode in (Y).
``` X = entorhinal complex Y = hippocampus ```
36
In the phenomenon called "Kindling", the threshold for producing (X) (increases/decreases/doesn't change) under what circumstances?
X = seizure; Decreases; Give seizure once per day over several days
37
The (X) phenomenon reflects learning/memory of behavior that's maladaptive.
X = Kindling
38
LTP/Kindling depend on (activation/suppression) of which receptor(s) in hippocampus?
Activation; | AMPA and NMDA
39
In LTP prolonged (stimulation/inhibition) of (X) receptors (de/hyper/re)-polarizes membrane enough to (Y).
Stimulation; X = AMPA Depolarizes; Y = remove Mg block from NMDA channel
40
In LTP, additional pathways are activated by (X), which (enters/produced) by (Y). What's one of the key effects of these pathways?
X = Ca; Enters; Y = NMDA channels Adds AMPA receptors to post-synaptic membrane
41
T/F: NMDA activation and Ca influx past certain level produces excitotoxic damage and hippocampal apoptosis.
True
42
The cingulate cortex is comprised of (X) cortices, which are linked rostrally to (Y) and caudally to (Z).
``` X = ACC and PCC Y = Prefrontal cortex Z = medial temporal lobe ```
43
The cingulate cortex is linked to its rostral/caudal attachments by (transversely/longitudinally)-running (Y).
Longitudinally; | Y = cingulum bundle
44
Neurons of (X) limbic system structure are particularly vulnerable to degeneration in Alzheimer's.
X = entorhinal cortex
45
The (X) in (Y) has been neurosurgically transected to treat intractable pain in terminal patients. This disconnects perception of pain from its emotional consequences.
``` X = cingulum bundle; Y = ACC ```
46
The ACC is primarily involved in (X). The PCC is primarily involved in (Y).
``` X = registration of aversive emotion ("suffering") Y = self-perception and assessment of relevance ```
47
The (neo/paleo)-spinothalamic tract projects to cingulate cortex via which structures?
Paleospinothalamic; PAG and CM nucleus (thalamus)
48
The (X) nucleus of hypothalamus projects to cingulate cortex via its input to (Y).
``` X = periventricular; Y = MD nucleus of thalamus ```
49
T/F: Hippocampus projects to cingulate cortex both directly and indirectly via (X).
True | X = mammillary bodies then anterior nucleus OR MD thalamus
50
T/F: Hypothalamus projects to cingulate cortex both directly and indirectly via (X).
False - only indirectly via: | X = MD nucleus
51
T/F: Amygdala projects to cingulate cortex both directly and indirectly via (X).
True; | X = MD nucleus
52
T/F: Multimodal/sensory association cortices projects to cingulate cortex both directly and indirectly via (X).
False - only directly via coritocortical input
53
List efferent output from cingulate cortex.
1. Entorhinal cortex (then hippocampus) 2. Amygdala 3. Multimodal association cortices
54
The (X) structure of limbic system is important for conscious evaluation of (aversive/rewarding) emotions/motivation.
X = orbitofrontal cortex | Both
55
Patients with lesion to (X) may be apathetic or "disinhibited" (expressing inappropriate emotions/behavior).
X = prefrontal cortex
56
Some afferents to prefrontal cortex come from (X) via (Y) nucleus of thalamus.
``` X = amygdala and hypothalamus Y = MD ```
57
T/F: The cingulate cortex projects to the prefrontal cortex.
True
58
T/F: The amygdala projects to prefrontal cortex only indirectly through thalamic nucleus.
False - also directly
59
T/F: Hippocampus projects to prefrontal cortex via entorhinal cortex.
False - either directly or via hypothalamus
60
The (X) has been found to be almost the entire source of ACh in the cortex.
X = basal forebrain
61
Various drugs that (facilitate/inhibit) (X) NT have shown symptomatic improvements in Alzheimer's early stages.
Facilitate; | X = ACh
62
Amygdala sends (direct/indirect) efferents to basal forebrain via (X).
Indirect; | X = VAF pathway
63
Hippocampus sends efferents to basal forebrain via (X).
X = fornix
64
Hypothalamus sends efferents to basal forebrain via (X).
X = Medial forebrain bundle (MFB)
65
Limbic midbrain sends efferents to basal forebrain via (X).
X = Medial forebrain bundle (MFB)
66
Medial septal nucleus of (X) sends efferents to:
X = basal forebrain Hippocampus and entorhinal cortex
67
Diagonal band nucleus of (X) sends efferents to:
X = basal forebrain Amygdala and cingulate cortex
68
Nucleus basalis of (X) sends efferents to:
X = basal forebrain Entire cortex (esp prefrontal)
69
T/F: Without activation of basal forebrain, stimulus events aren't properly coded for long-term storage.
True
70
List the two principal pathways that connect telencepahlic limbic structures with the LMA.
1. Medial forebrain bundle (MFB) | 2. Habenulopeduncular tract
71
What's the "lateral forebrain bundle"?
The internal capsule
72
The MFB connects with (most/all) the nuclei of (X).
All; | X = hypothalamus
73
Rostrally, the MFB goes as far as which structures?
Amygdala and basal forebrain
74
The habenulopeduncular tract is a principal relay for (X) to (Y).
``` X = basal forebrain Y = LMA ```
75
The (X) limbic structure is very sensitive to anoxia.
X = hippocampus

Neuroscience (29 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions