Oncogenes

Question 1

Oncogenes are derived from normal genes. TRUE/FALSE?

Answer 1

TRUE- derived from normal genes (proto-oncogenes)

Question 2

How do proto-oncogenes become oncogenes

Answer 2

Mutation (point mutation)
Chromosomal translocation
Increased protein expression

Question 3

How many mutated copies of the oncogene are required for cancer to occur?

Answer 3

Only one mutated copy of the gene is needed for cancer to occur - => dominant effect.

Question 4

ABL Cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase

Answer 4

CML

Question 5

c-MYC Transcription factor

Answer 5

Burkitts Lymphoma

Question 6

n-MYC Transcription factor

Answer 6

Neuroblastoma

Question 7

BCL-2 Apoptosis regulator protein

Answer 7

Follicular Lymphoma

Question 8

RET Tyrosine kinase receptor

Answer 8

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (types II and III)

Question 9

RAS G-protein

Answer 9

Many cancers especially pancreatic

Question 10

erb-B2 (HER2/neu) Tyrosine kinase receptor

Answer 10

Breast and ovarian cancer

Question 11

What is the main difference between oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes?

Answer 11

Tumor suppressor genes - loss of function results in an increased risk of cancer

Oncogenes - gain of function results in an increased risk of cancer