Upper limb lameness 1 Flashcards
What is seen with the stride in a upper limb lameness?
Reduced forward stride
What is seen with weightbearing lameness?
- Shortened stride of sound leg
- Head up on weightbearing if front leg affected
- Head down on weightbearing if hind leg affected
What may cause atrophy or swelling of a tissue?
- Atrophy =
-Disuse - e.g. pain-induced
-neurological - Swelling =
-Haematoma
-Inflammation
-Effusion
What are further diagnostic aidsof upper limb lameness?
- Radiography - bone integrity + position, joint effusion + degenerative changes, ST swelling, tissue integrity
- MRI
- Scintigraphy
- Thermography
What can cause contracted tendons in calves?
- Position in utero
- Manganese deficiency
- Hereditary
What is conservative treatment of contracted tendons? What can co wrong?
- Cast = 2-4weeks (change after 10-14days and re-apply half cast
- Can also use a metal splint
- Can cause decubitus ulcers if not enough padding
What should be done if you can’t manually extend the ‘tippy-toe’? what should not be used and why?
- Tendonectomy - ring of local, 3-4cm incision, cut superficial flexor tendon (see if sufficient - if not cut deep digital FT) + cast for 2 weeks
- DO NOT use Oxytet - not effective + can cause toxic necrosis
What can cause carpal flexion?
- Schmallenberg
What can cause gastrocnemius rupture?
Rotational force - wooden pallets on floor + calf foot stuck
* Sudden weight - mounting bulls
* Trauma
* Weakening
* Hypophosphataemia
* Compartment syndrome - muscular necrosis
How can you tell the difference between gastrocnemius rupture and tibial nerve paralysis?
- Loss of sensation / pain with tibial nerve paralysis
What causes a flexor tendon injury?
- Trauma - spontaneous / infectious
-open wound / contamination
What is treatment of flexor tendon injury?
- Treat as wound - clean + lavage (antibiotics)
- Cast (once infection under control)
- Can try to tie tendon back together then cast
How can you diagnose cruciate ligament rupture in a bull/cow?
- Rule out foot / lower limb
- Clicking sound
- Joint effusion
- Pain
- Crepitus
- Cranial drawer
- usually done after dismount
What is patellar fixation? Tx?
- Leg fixed in full extension
- Tx = cut medial patellar ligament -BOTH LEGS
How can you diagnose a peroneus tertius rupture?
Can draw hindleg backwards higher than what is normal / parallel