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Y4 - Large animals > Disease of commercial turkeys > Flashcards

Disease of commercial turkeys Flashcards

1
Q

What are non-infectious causes of high mortality / poor growth?

A
  • Temp / humidity / ventilation
  • water / feeder problems
  • Arrived weak and poorly - hatchery issues
  • transportation
  • parent bird nutrition
  • Starveout
  • Nutritional deficiencies - enecephalomalacia, rickets, Vit E
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2
Q

What are infectious causes of high mortality / poor growth?

A
  • Navel / yolk sac infection - salmonella, E.coli
  • Candidiasis
  • Viral turkey hepatitis
  • Coccidiosis / cryptosporidiosis
  • Aspergillosis
  • Turkey coryza (Bordetellosis)
  • Staphylococcossis
  • Avian encephalomyelitis
  • Arizonosis
  • Mycotic emcephalitis
  • Mycotic keratoconjuctivitis
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3
Q

What can cause respiratory problems in growers? (3-12weeks)?

A
  • Mycoplasmosis
  • Turkey coryza
  • aMPV/Turkey rhinotacheitis
  • Colisepticemia
  • Fowl cholera
  • NDV
  • AIV
  • NDV
  • Ornithobacterium
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4
Q

What causes lameness in growers (3-12weeks)?

A
  • Bacterial arthritis - staphylococcus, E.coli
  • Spondyloisthesis
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5
Q

What other conditions are seen in growers (3-12weeks)?

A
  • Mycotoxicosis
  • Roundworm
  • Ionophore toxicity
  • Carbon monoxide toxicity
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6
Q

What causes lameness in commercial turkeys?

A
  • Bacterial arthritis
  • Long bone distortion
  • Osteomyelitis
  • Scoliosis
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7
Q

What causes mortality / neoplasia in commercial turkeys?

A
  • Fowl cholera
  • Aspergillosis
  • Salphingintis / peritonitis
  • Reticuloendotheliosis
  • Carcinomas
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8
Q

What causes egg production drops in commercial turkeys?

A
  • NDV
  • AIV
  • other paramyxoviruses
  • Mycoplasmosis
  • Nutrition / management
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9
Q

What are influencing factors of wet litter - enteritis?

A
  • Breed - certain breeds more susceptible
  • Environment - T, humidity, ventilation …
  • Nutrition , chilling, starvation
  • Enteric pathogenic + non-pathogenic - coccidia, bacterial, viruses
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10
Q

What is wet litter + how is it treated?

A
  • Imbalances of small intestinal balance = watery faeces
  • Tx = antibiotics - amoxicillin, tetracyclines + tylosin
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11
Q

How is wet litter prevented?

A
  • Immuno-competent + healthier birds
  • Proper nutrition (feed+feeding)
  • Water quality / hygiene
  • Probiotics
  • Acidification - feed/water
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12
Q

What are the 2 significant cocci in turkeys?

A
  • Eimeria meleagrimitis - lesion in upper SI
  • Eimeria adenoides - Lesion in caeca + rectum
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13
Q

How is cocci prevented?

A
  • Coccidiostats - diclazuril, toltrazuril
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14
Q

What is blackhead? What is the intermediate host?

A
  • Histomonas meleagridis
  • IH = Heterakis gallinarum
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15
Q

How is blackhead/histomoniasis diagnosed / prevented?

A
  • Dx = typical lesions
  • Prevention = control of worms - heterakis = flubendazole
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16
Q

What does turkey coronavirus cause? How is it diagnosed + prevented?

A
  • CS = watery scour 9-11weeks, dullness
  • Dx = PCR
  • Prevention = biosecurity, No Tx
17
Q

What does astroviruses cause?

A
  • severe typhlitis = high culling
  • Severe economic losses from runting + culling
  • Affects 5-10days old
18
Q

How are astroviruses diagnosed / prevented?

A
  • Dx = PCR
  • Prevention = biosecurity
19
Q

What do rotavirus infections cause?

A
  • Affect 2-3 week old
  • Enteritis
  • Vent pecking
  • Secondary complication = spironucleosis
20
Q

How is a rotavirus infection diagnosed / prevented?

A
  • Dx = Isolation, PCR
  • Prevention = Hyperimmune egg powder, maintain hydration + biosecurity
21
Q

What does erysipelas cause? Dx? Tx? Px?

A
  • Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
  • Persistence high mortality
  • Dx = signs, lesion + PCR
  • Tx = antibiotics
  • Prevention = vaccine
22
Q

What does ornithobacteirum rhinotracheale cause? Dx? Tx? Px?

A
  • Not much respiratory disease
  • Mild resp signs
  • Lameness due to joint infection
  • Dx = difficult to grow = PCR
  • Tx = Antibiotics
  • Prevention = management + biosecurity
23
Q

What causes turkey coryza?

A
  • Bordetella avium
24
Q

What does turkey coryza cause? Dx? Tx? Px?

A
  • URT infection + damage = secondary infection
  • Dx = serology, culture, PCR
  • Tx = Antibiotics
  • Prevention = Vaccine
25
Q

How is an inactivated vaccine given vs live vaccine?

A
  • Inactivated = injection into pectoral muscle
  • Live vaccine = spray / drinking water
26
Q
A

Y4 - Large animals (78 decks)

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