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Y4 - Large animals > Camelid health + welfare > Flashcards

Camelid health + welfare Flashcards

1
Q

What should you see with a normal camelid?

A
  • BAR
  • With group
  • Same rank
  • cudding
  • Feeding
  • Drinking
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2
Q

Where does a jugular catheter go in a camelid?

A
  • Right is right
  • Towards heart
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3
Q

What are camelids prone to?

A
  • Hypoproteinaemia
  • need to have albumin > 20g/l
  • TP >40g/l
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4
Q

What is best to do with an abdominal problem if you need to do a work-up?

A
  • Ultrasound
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5
Q

How do you microchip a camelid?

A
  • Need to go in on the upper left side of the neck
  • Need to go at 30 to 45degrees
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6
Q

What vaccine must you do in camelids?

A
  • Clostridial Vaccine
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7
Q

What other vaccines are there for camelids?

A
  • Bluetongue
  • Orf, leptospirosis, salmonellosis
  • Rota + Coronavirus, E.coli
  • Abortion agents
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8
Q

What are clinical signs of endoparasites in camelids?

A
  • Soft faeces
  • Ill thrift
  • Anaemia
  • Malaise + death
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9
Q

What are cut off for FEC of different worms?

A
  • Trichostrongyle type = 300-400
  • Fluke, nematodirus = 1
  • Haemonchus, Lungworm = any are noteworthy
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10
Q

How can you reduce pasture contamination?

A
  • Dung piles
  • Poo-picking
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11
Q

What wormers can be used in camelids?

A
  • Benzimidazoles - albendazole never in pregnant
  • Levamisole
  • MLs
  • Monepantel - 3x sheep dose
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12
Q

What can be used againts fluke?

A
  • Triclabendazole
  • Closantel
  • Albendazole - not in pregnant
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13
Q

What are different species of coccidiosis in camelids?

A
  • Eimeria lamae
  • E. alpacae
  • E. Punoensis
  • E. macusaniensis

Immunity decreases with age + stress

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14
Q

When should you treat camelids for cocci?

A
  • Early-born crias @ weaning
  • Late-born crias @ 2-3 months
  • Adult after stress
  • Incoming animals
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15
Q

What mites affect camelids?

A
  • Sarcoptes
  • Chorioptes
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16
Q

How would you treat mange?

A
  • Ivermectins
  • Injectable for sarcoptes
  • Pour-on for chorioptes

Severe cases = shampoo, skin conditioner, antibiotics + topical acaricides

17
Q

What animals are affected by hyperkeratosis/ munge?

A
  • Weaning age + adolescent
18
Q

What should be ruled out with lumps?

A
  • CLA - caseous lymphadenitis
    Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
19
Q

What is a clinical indicator of anaemia?

A
  • Pale Mm
20
Q

What is the main Ddx for anaemia?

A
  • Cardio-vascular compromise
  • pulse deficit, heart murmur, cold extremities, CRT
21
Q

What can cause anaemia?

A
  • Chronic disease
  • Haemonchosis, fluke
  • Gastric ulceration
  • Haemolysis
  • Ivermectin toxicity
  • Mycoplasma haemollamae
22
Q

What should be considered when castrating?

A
  • Age - over 18months
  • Tetanus cover
  • Withhold concentrates 24hours
  • Immediate pre-op = Ab + NSAIDs + 2 testicles?
23
Q

What are the anaesthesia options with castration?

A
  • Local infiltration
  • Triple stun (+/- local)
  • Caudal epidural
24
Q

What are your options for haemostasis when castrating?

A
  • Ligature
  • Clamp
  • Twist + pull
25
Q

What are the main reasons for weightloss?

A
  • Parasites
  • Tooth + jaw
  • Bullying
26
Q

When would you trim incisors?

A
  • if poor BCS
  • Qudding
  • Careful not to expose pulp cavity
27
Q

How do you distinguish between deciduous + permanent teeth?

A
  • Deciduous = whiter
  • Permanent = dirtier + parallel lines
28
Q

What can be used for sedation?

A
  • Triple stun = Xylazine, Ketamine + Butorphanol IV
  • Abrahamson mix = Ketamine, Xylazine + Butorphanol IM
  • Cria = Butorphanol + Diazepam
29
Q

What is used for induction?

A
  • Xylazine or Detomidine
    • Ketamine
30
Q

What can be used for analgesia?

A
  • Fentanyl patch
  • Butorphanol
  • Buprenorphine
  • Meloxicam
31
Q

What are common reasons for dystocia in camelids?

A
  • Foot / lower limb caught on pelvic brim
  • Carpal flexion
  • Head deviation, neck flexion
  • Breech
  • Twins
32
Q

What are the precations with caesareans?

A
  • Left flank
  • Thin layers
  • Spleen
  • Generous incision
  • Lavage, not swabbing
33
Q

How long should it take to pass foetal membranes?
What to do if not passed by 6hrs?

A
  • Normally 1- 3 hr
  • If retained = Gentle pull, Oxytocin + Systemic check (Temp)
34
Q

What are other peri-parturient complications?

A
  • Uterine torsion
  • Vaginal prolapse
  • Uterine prolapse
  • Mastitis
  • Endometritis
35
Q
A

Y4 - Large animals (78 decks)

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