Notifiable and significant exotic diseases of pigs Flashcards
1
Q
What vesicular diseases are notifiable in pigs?
A
- FMD
- Swine vesicular disease
- Vesicular stomatitis
- Vesicular exanthema
- Seneca valley A virus
2
Q
What haemorrhagic diseases are notifiable in pigs?
A
- Classical swine fever
- African swine fever
3
Q
What are other notifiable diseases in pigs?
A
- Teschen disease
- Porcine epidemic diarrhoea
- Aujeszky’s disease
- Brucella suis
- Anthrax
- Rabies
4
Q
When would you suspect a notifiable disease?
A
- Clinical signs
- Pathological signs
- Epidemiological picture
- Disease affecting all or many different age groups that cannot be distinguished from known diseases
- Circumstances of the animal e.g. pet pigs at risk from table scraps
5
Q
What causes Foot + mouth disease?
A
- Picornavirus
6
Q
What is the incubation period of FMD? What does it depend on?
A
- 2-14days
- Depends on
- dose of virus to animal
- strain of virus
- route of infection
7
Q
How is FMD spread?
A
- present in fluid inside blisters, saliva, urine, dung, milk + exhaled air
- Spready by direct contact + aerosol / feed
8
Q
What are clinical signs of FMD?
A
- Pyrexia
- Sudden lameness
- Formation of vesicles - feet
- Reluctance to feed
- Abortion / sudden death in piglets
9
Q
What are Ddx for FMD?
A
- Other vesicular diseases
- Chemical agents - differentiated by absence of vesicular lesions + high fever
- Trauma - differentiated by absence of vesicular lesions + high fever
10
Q
What is African swine fever?
A
- Viral haemorrhagic disease
- DNA virus
- Asfarviridae family
11
Q
How is ASF spread?
A
- Direct
- Indirect
- Tick - ornithodorus
NO VACCINE
12
Q
What is the incubation period of ASF?
A
- 3-19days
13
Q
What are clinical signs of Acute ASF?
A
- Death within a few days, mortality can reach 100%
- Pyrexia (>40.5°C)
- Anorexia, apathy, incoordination
- Vomiting and diarrhoea (maybe bloody)
- Respiratory signs, conjunctivitis
- Cyanosis of the extremities
- Abortion
- No age dependency
- Early leucopoenia and thrombocytopenia (48–72 hours)
14
Q
What are clinical signs of subacute ASF?
A
- Less intense signs; slight fever, reduced appetite and depression
- Abortion in pregnant sows
- Mortality rate is lower (e.g. 30–70%, varies)
15
Q
What are clinical signs of chronic ASF?
A
- Various signs: loss of weight, irregular peaks of temperature, respiratory signs, necrosis in areas of skin, chronic skin ulcers, arthritis.
- Develops over months
- Low mortality and a small number of survivors may become carriers for life
