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Y4 - Large animals > Lameness in sheep > Flashcards

Lameness in sheep Flashcards

1
Q

What diseases are associated with the foot?

A
  • Footrot - benign footrot, interdigital dermatitis, scald, virulent footrot
  • CODD
  • White line disease
  • Toe granuloma
  • Foot abscess
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2
Q

What are other problems causing lameness?

A
  • Foreign body
  • Interdigital hyperplasia
  • Overgrown / misshapen claws
  • Arthritis
  • Fractures
  • Muscular
  • Neurological disease
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3
Q

What is seen with benign footrot / ID / scald?

A
  • Lameness
  • Interdigital skin inflammed
  • No horn underrunning
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4
Q

What is the main bacteria causing benign footrot / ID / scald?

A
  • Dichelobacter nodosus
  • Fusobacterium necrophorum is sometimes found
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5
Q

What are factors associated with footrot + ID?

A
  • Warm
  • Wet under foot conditions
  • Muddy
  • Housing
  • Gathering
  • Genetics
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6
Q

How would you treat scald?

A
  • Topical tx - Oxytet spray
  • Foot bathing - formalin
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7
Q

How would you treat footrot?

A
  • Quickly - isolate
  • Treat individuals / groups
  • LA oxytet or LA amoxicillin
  • Do not trim unless necessary
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8
Q

What is seen with CODD?

A
  • Ulcerative / proliferative lesion start at coronary
  • Progressive under running of hoof wall
  • Hoof sloughs off
  • Often mixed infection with footrot
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9
Q

What are the different grades of CODD?

A
  • Grade 1 = coronary band lesion only
  • Grade 2 = <50% horn capsule separated
  • Grade 3 = 50-100% hoof capsule off
  • Grade 4 = healing but still active lesion present
  • Grade 5 = healed
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10
Q

What is the aetiology of CODD?

A
  • Treponeme bacteria
  • T. medium
  • T. phagedenis
  • T. pedis
  • Dichelobacter nodosus
  • Fusobacterium necrophorum
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11
Q

What are risk factors of CODD?

A
  • Seasonal trend - late summer / early autumn
  • Large flocks
  • Lowland pasture / lush pasture
  • Footrot / scald
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12
Q

How is CODD treated?

A
  • Isolate
  • Antibiotics - LA amoxicillin - may need multiple courses
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13
Q

What can be done to minimize foot problems throughout the year?

A
  • Vaccinate twice yearly - footvax
  • Treat lame sheep quick
  • Biosecurity
  • Environmental challenge
  • Cull chronically lame sheep
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14
Q

What is white line disease?

A
  • White line separation
  • Doesn’t cause lameness unless sensitive tissue affected - impaction with stones, mud etc
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15
Q

How can you treat white line>

A
  • If no infection and just separation = trim separation off
  • If abscess = trim to release pus - avoid damaging sensitive tissue
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16
Q

How can you treat toe granuloma?

A
  • IV regional anaesthesia
  • Cut back granulation tissue
  • Cauterise disbudding iron
17
Q

How do you treat interdigital hyperplasia?

A
  • Clean + Antibiotics
18
Q

How do you cure soil balling?

A
  • Remove, clean + topical antibiotics
19
Q

What can cause laminitis?

A
  • Excess access to high energy or cereal based feed + acute disease such as metritis / mastitis
20
Q

What is treatment for laminitis?

A
  • NSAIDs
  • Address underlying cause
21
Q

What are causes of pedal joint abscess?

A
  • Consequence of extension of interdigital infection into distal interphalangeal joint structures
22
Q

What are the clinical signs of pedal joint abscess?

A
  • severe lameness
  • Swollen foot
  • Interdigital space widened
  • Purulent discharge
23
Q

What is the Tx for pedal joint abscess?

A
  • Flush + antibiotics
  • Digit amputation
24
Q

What is the method for a digit amputation?

A
  • Disarticulation between P1 + P2
  • Sedate - Xylazine
  • Local anaesthesia - regional IV
  • 5-10ml procaine
  • or ring block around foot
  • Clip + clean
  • Disarticulate
  • Bandage
  • Change after 3-4 days
  • Antibiotic
  • NSAIDs
25
Q

What is strawberry footrot?
How do you treat it?

A
  • Scab lesion on distal limb
  • Usually orf or dermatophilus
  • Systemic + topical antibiotics + move to dry fields
26
Q

What are bone diseases of sheep?

A
  • Fractures - Tx = casting, surgery
  • Rickets - Tx = vitamin D + calcium supplement
27
Q

What can cause infectious arthritis?

A
  • neonatal infection - strep dysgalactiae
  • Tick pyaemia - staph aureus
  • Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
28
Q
A

Y4 - Large animals (78 decks)

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