- la belle indifference - loss of sensory or motor function followed by an acute stressor - patient is aware but indifferent

- blockage in biliary tree in newborn - can lead to cirrhosis

3/28 Flashcards by Eric Swanson

nocturnal erections

remain present in psychogenic causes of erectile dysfunction (libido is decreased)

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things resistant to standard autoclaving

prions

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conversion disorder

la belle indifference
loss of sensory or motor function followed by an acute stressor
patient is aware but indifferent

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amplitude of action potential is dependent on….

length of time and number of sodium channels that are open

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decreased muscle strength and increase reflexes

UMN lesion

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biliary atresia

blockage in biliary tree in newborn

- can lead to cirrhosis

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obliterating endarteritis

seen in syphilis

- gummas do not form pus

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oxygen consumption in kidney is directly correlated with….

amount of sodium that is reabsorbed in the proximal tubules

- reabsorption is energy driven due to basolateral ATP pump

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white vs gray matter in spinal cord

gray matter = anterior and posterior horns, anterior commissure
white matter = everything else

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actions of posterior column

vibration, two point discrimination, position and fine touch

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chance of matching HLA types with sibling

although there are two HLA systems, they are present on same chromosome, so the change of matching with a sibling is 1:4

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circumflex artery

always from the left, supplying left atrium and ventricle

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tubocurine

toxic alkaloid that led to development of nondepolarizing muscular blockers
- can block diaphragm function

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catabolite activator

its not a real thing

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allosteric enzymes change….

binding affinity

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tissues that can perform gluconeogenisis

kidney and liver

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syndrome with female breast and genitalia, XY with no internal female structures

androgen insensitivity syndrome

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caplan syndrome

combination of RA and pneumconiosis

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mri in subarachnoid aneurysm rupture

hyperdensity in cisterns and sulci

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cancer associated with aflatoxin

liver cancer - hepatocellular carcinoma (not lung)

- p53

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phases of Pagets disease

osteolytic phase (osteoclasts dominate)
mixed
osteosclerotic phase (mosaic pattern of lamellar bone with prominent cement lines)

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importance of personality disorders

has to be pervasive across a broad range of situations

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cricothyrotomy goes through….

superficial cervical fascia and cricothyroid membrane (in between cricoid and thyroid cartilage)

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activation of isoniazid before use

requires catalase peroxidation (mechanism for resistance)

- KatG bobcat in Sketchy

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rash in measles vs rubella

``` measles = higher fever, cough, coryza, Koplik spots, conjunctivitis rubella = rash on the face, spreads caudally, three days, low grade fever, posterior auricular lymph nodes ```

rash with posterior auricular nodes

rubella (toga virus)

uniparental disomy is only important in.....

genomic imprinting disorders (Prader Willi and Anglemanns)

three ways to get down syndrome

1. nondisjunction 2. unbalanced translocations 3. mosaicism

mechanism for zenker diverticulum

abnormal relaxation of the cricopharyngeal muscle during swallowing - false diverticulum in posterior Killman triangle

cause of scarring and traction of esophagus

mediastinal lymphadenitis due to infections, resulting in true diverticula

nerve most likely damaged during herniation

CN III

four findings in transtentorial herniation

1. CNIII damage 2. ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery compression leading to contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing 3. compression of contralateral cerebellum 4. brainstem hemorrhages

lipid lowering agent that can increase triglycerides

cholestyramine

cancers associated with EBV

Burkitts lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma

most common cause of renal artery stenosis

obstuction with athersclerotic plaque

histology of crytococcus

narrow based budding yeast

zinc finger motif

commonly in DNA binding proteins

histology of molluscum vs herpes

``` molluscum = eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions herpes = multinucleated cells with intranuclear inclusions ```

simple vs complex seizures

dependent on loss of consciousness

morning stiffness in OA and RA

``` OA = usually not present, goes away quickly RA = usually present ```

chronic lymphedema is a risk factor for.....

angiosarcoma (usually after breast cancer removal)

important to look for ______ cells in acute leukemia

blasts = need to be present to make the diagnosis

conduct disorder in adults

antisocial personality disorder | - disregard for rights of others, lack of remorse, crimilality

physiologic changes in beta blockers

increase in peripheral resistance and decreased cardiac output

cells with tight junctions forming blood-testis barrier

sertoli

secretion products of sertoli cells

- MIS (blocks paramesonephric ducts) - androgen binding protein (maintains high testosterone) - inhibin (mostly inhibits FSH)

eIF-4e

initiation factor only involved in initiation | - used to help assemble 40S subunit with initiator tRNA, released when 60S associates

order of sites on ribosome

APE | e = exit

steps in elongation of protein

1. aminoacyl-tRNA binds to A site 2. amino acid chain in P site is transferred to one in A site - formation of peptide bond 3. tRNA moves to P site

adenosine in heart

when energy is low (high adenosine) it leads to vasodilation - same action as NO - very short acting, used for stress testing and stopping SVTs

erythema migrans

targetoid lesion in lyme disease

t tubles

extension of cell membrane that penetrate muscle fibers

how water is reabsorbed in PCT

through passive diffusion

cherry red skin

carbon monoxide poisoning

Budd Chiari

thrombosis of hepatic vein leading to liver congestion

LDH

marker for cell damage

test in hemolytic anemia after penicillin

direct coombs (look for autoantibodies against red cells)

cardiac index

measures how well the heart is working as a pump

Kupffer cell

hepatic macrophage

Ito (stellate cell)

stores vitamin A and is responsive to fibrotic factors

normal beta hCG levels in pregnancy

peaks at 9-12 weeks, should never go above 300,000

calculation for alveolar oxygen

150 - CO2/0.8

lipd A binds....

CD 14 on macrophages leading to septic shock

disease with increased basophils

CML

histiocyte

macrophage in the connective tissue

order of RBC synthesis in fetus

yolk sac - liver - spleen - BM

hemoglobin electrphoresis

for differentiating normal, sickle trait, sickle cell, newborn, Hb C and SC disease

treatment of lead poisoning

dimercaprol and EDTA

CLL mneumonic

crushed little lymphocytes

platelet factor 4

causes HIT

neprilysin

blocks ANP/BNP degredation

3/28 Flashcards

(71 cards)