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AAA - Board by day > 3/31 > Flashcards

3/31 Flashcards

1
Q

stool in watery diarrhea

A
  • no leukocytes (caused by toxin)
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2
Q

TCA cycle using riboflavin

A

succinate dehydrogenase

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3
Q

acetyl CoA can be used to make…

A
  • malonyl CoA for FA synthesis

- acetoacetyl CoA used to make HMG CoA (for cholesterol or ketone bodies

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4
Q

glycerol kinase

A

allows glycerol to get into glycolysis

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5
Q

absent CD18

A

leukocyte adhesion deficiency (leads to an increase in peripheral leukocytes because they can’t adhere)

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6
Q

location of external hemorrhoids

A

posterior, below dentate line

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7
Q

thing that acid fast binds to

A

carbofusicin binds to mycolic acid

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8
Q

MOA of action for rifaximin

A

decreases intestinal production of ammonia

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9
Q

MOA of lactulose

A

increased conversion of ammonia to ammonium (gets lost in stool)

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10
Q

remelteon

A

melatonin agonist (works well in older folks)

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11
Q

adults with rubella usually develop….

A

polyarthralgias

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12
Q

two lipid lowering agents associated with myopathy

A

statin and fibrates

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13
Q

ligament causing spinal stenosis

A

ligamentum flavum

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14
Q

Rosenthal fibers and granular eosinophilic bodies

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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15
Q

Homer Wright rosettes

A

meduloblastoma

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16
Q

thyroiditis with giant cell

A

subacute granulomatous thyroiditis

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17
Q

histology of cardiac myxoma

A

mucopolysaccharide stroma, abnormal blood vessels and hemorrhaging

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18
Q

most common cause of hypertension in aging

A

increase arterial stiffness

19
Q

artery in I and aVL

A

left circumflex

20
Q

sympathetic effects of dopamine

A
  • low dose = increase in renal blood flow
  • medium dose = beta 1 agonist
  • high dose = alpha 1 agonist
21
Q

protective factors for ovarian cancer

A
  • having kids
  • breast feeding
  • oral contraceptives
22
Q

cells that get GLUT4 receptors

A

adipose and muscle

23
Q

nerves of the leg

A
  • iliohypogastric = motor to anterolateral abdominal wall, skin above pubic region and gluteal region
  • genitofemoral = sensation to upper anterior thigh and motor to cremaster
  • ilioinguinal = sensation to genitals and upper medial thigh
24
Q

pancreatic pseudocyst is lined by…

A

fibrous and granulation tissue (not cells)

25
Q

gaps in BBB

A
  • area postrema (vomiting after chemo)

- organum vasculosum lamina terminalis (osmotic sensing)

26
Q

lateral hypothalamus

A
  • controls hunger

- destruction = anorexia and failure to thrive (if you zap laterally, you shrink laterally)

27
Q

ventromedial hypothalamus

A
  • controls satiety

- destruction = hyperphagia (if you zap ventromedial, you grow ventrally and medially)

28
Q

anterior hypothalamus

A

cooling, parasympathetic

29
Q

posterior hypothalamus

A

warming, sympathetic

30
Q

suprachiasmatic hypothalamus

A

circadian rhythm

31
Q

supraoptic and supraventricular hypothalamus

A

oxytocin and ADH

32
Q

treatment for bed wetting

A

ADH

33
Q

treatment of night terrors

A

benzos (and sleep walking)

34
Q

ventral posterolateral thalamus

A

vibratory, pain, pressure, proprioception, light touch and temperature
- spinothalamic and dorsal columns, medial lemniscus

35
Q

ventral posteromedial thalamus

A

face sensation and taste (makeup goes on the face)

36
Q

lateral geniculate thlamus

A

vision (lateral = light)

37
Q

medial geniculate nucleus

A

hearing from superior olive and inferior colliculus to auditory cortex (medial = music)

38
Q

ventral lateral thalamus

A

motor to motor cortex

39
Q

mesocortical dopamine pathway

A

less activity gives negative symptoms

40
Q

mesolimbic dopamine pathway

A

more activity give positive symptoms

41
Q

jaw muscles

A

lateral lowers and medial munch

42
Q

moro reflex

A

hang on for dear life, extend arms and draw together

43
Q

frontal eye field lesion

A

looks toward lesion

44
Q

PPRF lesion

A

looks away from lesion

AAA - Board by day (28 decks)

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