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Step 1 > Test 24- HRM > Flashcards

Test 24- HRM Flashcards

1
Q

hCG has a similar structure to what hormone

A

TSH

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2
Q

29 y/o M w/ painless scrotal mass
Sweat and heat intolerance
Enlarged non tender right testicle
Increased T3 and T4

A

Testicular malignancy

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3
Q

tumor associated w/ high hCG concentrations that can stimulate TSH receptors causing hyperthyroidism

A

Testicular germ cell tumors

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4
Q

responsible for GONADAL differentiation into testes containing sertoli and leydig cells

A

SRY gene on Y chromosome

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5
Q

cells that produce MIF that prevents devo of female INTERNAL genitalia

A

Sertoli

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6
Q

Secrete testosterone necessary for devo of male INTERNAL genitalia

A

Leydig

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7
Q

46 XY genotype fetus has testes w/ normally functioning ley dig cells but total absence of sertoli. What phenoytypes will develop?

A

No sertoli–> no MIF–> Female internal genitalia

Leydig> testosterone> male internal genitalia> DHT> male external genitalia

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8
Q

Small and underdeveloped ovaries on gross examination. Light microscopy shows ovaries composed of CT with NO follicles

A

Streak Ovaries

Turner syndrome

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9
Q

Common cardiac comorbidity associated w/ Turners

A

Bicuspid aortic valve

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10
Q

Replacement of vaginal squamous epithelium with glandualr COLUMNAR epithelium

A

Vaginal adenosis

Female children of women exposed to DES during pregnancy

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11
Q

XX female with normal ovaries and secondary sex characteristics, presents with amenorrhea and short vagina and variable (rudimentary) uterine devleopment

A

Vaginal agenesis (Mullerian aplasia)

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12
Q

Cellular myxoid stroma that encircles and sometimes compresses epithelium lined glandular and cystic spaces

A

Fibroadenomas

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13
Q

MC benign tumor of hte breast that arises in young women in their 20s-30s

A

fibroadenoma (can increase in size during luteal faze)

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14
Q

New onset genital vesicular rash with a positive Tzank smear in previously asymptomatic pt

A

Genital herpes HSV2

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15
Q

what drug can reduce recurrences of genital herpes through DAILY treatment

A

valcyclovir

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16
Q

Reactivation of latent infections of HSV2 occurs in what ganglia

A

S2,3,4 dorsal root ganglia

17
Q

cause of bicornuate uterus

A

failure of the paramesonephric ducts to fuse and form the uterine tubes, uterus, cervix and upper 1/3 of the vagina

18
Q

what hormone increases following ovulation with the formation of the CL?

A

progesterone

19
Q

serous fluid accumulation in the tunica vaginalis

A

testicular hydrocele

20
Q

origin of the tunica vaginalis?

A

derived from the peritoneum> if it remains in communication with the peritoneum you can get a communicating hydrocele

21
Q

tunica albuginea

A

FIBROUS tissue that coveres the corpus spongiosum and corpora cavernosa of the penis

22
Q

What is a choriocarcinoma composed of histologically?

A

abnormal proliferation of both cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts

NO villi present

23
Q

Postpartum female presents with shortness of breath, hemoptysis, hematogenous spread to hte lungs and an increase in BhCG

A

choriocarcinoma

24
Q

MC causes of PID

A

N. gon

Chylamydia

25
Q

Treatment of gonococcal genital tract infections should always include treatment for what…

A

Chlamydia!!

Ceftriaxone + (azithromyacin/doxycycline**)

26
Q

Injury to what part of the urethra is associated with pelvic fractures?

A

posterior urethra

27
Q

what part of the urethra is MC damaged in straddle injuries

A

anterior urethra (bulbous urethral segment)

falling on a crossbar or a top of a fence

28
Q

Inability to void w/ a full bladder sensation, high ridding boggy prostate, blood at the urethral meatus in the presence of a pelvic fx

A

urethral injury

29
Q

nerves and vessels supplying the ovary are in what ligament

A

suspensory

30
Q

Anti progestin agent that can be used to terminate an early pregnancy

A

Mifepreistone

31
Q

Competitive inhibitor of progestins at progesteronereceptors

A

Mifepristone

**endometrial lining won’t build up and beocome habitable, and will instead slough off

32
Q

Prostaglandin E1 analogue often used in combination with mifepristone

A

Misoprostol

Causes uterine contraction and cerical dilation

33
Q

Clues that point toward psychogenic impotence

A

Sudden onset

presence of morning erections

34
Q

MC medications that cause imotence

A 
SSRIs
SNS blockers (clonidine, methyldopa, betablockers)
35
Q

Obesity, hyperandrogenism, oligomenorrhea, infertility and ENLARGED ovaries w/ cysts

A

PCOS

36
Q

How do you commonly tx pts w/ PCOS?

A

weight loss regimens
OCPS

*clomiphene is often used in women who desire to become pregnant and want to induce ovulation

37
Q

Selective estrogen receptor modulator that prevents NFB inhibition on the hypothalamus by circulating estrogen leading to increased FSH/LH and ovulation

A

Clomiphene

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