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Step 1 > Test 63 > Flashcards

Test 63 Flashcards

1
Q

retinal neovascularization d/t increased VEGF levels

A

Wet age related macular degeneration

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2
Q

ACUTE vision loss

metamorphosia (distorition o fstraight lines) w/ funduscopy showin gray-green subretinal membrane/subretinal hemorrhage

A

Wet age reatled macular degeneration

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3
Q

Tx for wet age related mac degeneration

A

smoking cessation
VEGF inhibitor therapy

*ranibizumba
bevacizumab

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4
Q

drusen deposits

gradual vision loss

A

Dry AMD

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5
Q

CCR5

+CDR4 bind to HIV gp120

A

coreceptor that enables HIV to enter cells

*deletion of both genes that code for receptor> resistance to HIV infection

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6
Q

vulnerable to injury around the neck of the fibula

A

common peroneal nerve

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7
Q

weakness of dorsiflexion
weakness of eversion
loss of sensation over dorsum of foot

A

deep peroneal

superficial peroneal

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8
Q

inversion

plkantarflexion

A

tibial nerve

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9
Q

intermittent respiratory sxs in pt w/ normal CSR, occasional sputum eosinophils, reduced FEV1

A

asthma

*often provoked by inahled allergens like pet dander

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10
Q

Cold air asthma

A

asthma attacks in pts w/ exercise induced asthma

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11
Q

B2 agonists

A

abuterol

used to tx asthma

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12
Q

transmissoin HAV

A

F-O route
overcrowding
poor sanitation

contaminated, water, food, RAW STEAMED SHELLFISH

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13
Q

hemolytic anemia
hypercoagulability
pancytopenia

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

*PIGA gene that leads to absecne of CD55 and cD59 complement inhibitor proteins (lysis of RBCS)

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14
Q

cancers in DS

A

ALL
AML

BOTH ACUTE

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15
Q

Cardiact tissue conduction velocity

A

Park At VENTura AVenude

FASTEST:
purkingje>
atrial>
ventricular>
AV node
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16
Q

VIPomas

A

non beta cell pancreatic islet cell tumor that hypersecrete VIP

VIP increases intestinal Cl loss into stool> excess loss of water, Na, K

also inhibits acid secretion

“pancreatic cholera”

WDHA syndrome (watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria)

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17
Q

TX VIP

A

Somatosatatin

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18
Q

VIP

A

relaxation GI SM
inhibits H secretion
stimulates pancreatic bicarb/Cl secretion

19
Q

infection that causes inflammatory gastroenteritis that can be acquired from domestic animals contaminated foods

A

Campylobacter infection

20
Q

esophageal varices

A

left gastric vein> esophageal vein

21
Q

hemorrhoids

A

superior rectal vein> middle and inferior rectal veins

22
Q

Caput medusae

A

paraumbilical veins>

superficiala nd inferior epigastric veins

23
Q

AD condition that results from RBC cytoskeleton abnormalities (spectrin and ankyrin defects)

dx test?

A

positive osmotic fragility test

hereditary spherocytosis

24
Q

blocks GPiib/IIa receptor

A

Abciximab

25
Q

Glanzmann thrombasthenia

A

defective/deficient GPIIb/IIIa

26
Q

attrition bias (form of selection bias)

A

loss to follow up occurs disproporstionately bewteen exposed and unexposed groups

27
Q

would lead to a steep decline in worldwide incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma

A

vaccination agnst HBV

28
Q

single most impt RF for development of intimal tears> aortic dissection

A

HYTN

29
Q

RF for aortic aneurysm

A

smoking
diabetes
hypercholesterolemia

MAJOR RFs for atherosclerosis

30
Q

milky plasma that forms a creamy appearing supernatant

low plasma lipoprotein lipase activity

A

familial chylomicronemia syndrome

31
Q

prsents in childhood w/ recurrent episodes of ACUTE PANCREATITIS

ABDOMINAL PAIN

A

familial chylomicronemia syndrome

Apo-C II

32
Q

organanophosphates act on what receptors

A

muscarinic and nicotinic

33
Q

reverses muscarinic effects but NOT nicotinic effects like muscle paralysis

A

atropine

34
Q

only medication that reverses both muscarinic and nicotinic effects of orgs

A

pralidoxime

restores cholinesterase

35
Q

follow up for moderately elevated alk phos of unclear eatiology

A

y glutamyl transpeptidase

36
Q

assess liver functionality

A

PTT
bilirubin
ablumin
cholesterol

37
Q

assess structural integrit/cellular intactness of the liver

A

transaminases

38
Q

assess biliary tract

A

alk phos

y glutamyl transferase (used to determine hepatic or bony orgigin)

39
Q

chronic alcoholism
megaloblastic anemia that develops d/t decreased synthesis of purines and thymidine>

macrocytosis
ovalocytosis
neutrophils/ HYPERSEGMENTED nuclei

A

folate def

40
Q

not common in alcoholics

A

B12 def

41
Q

nephrotic syndrome in kids 2-8

w/ normal renal fxn

pathognomonic finding

A

diffuse effacement of foot processes of podocytes found on EM

LM shows NORMAL glomeruli and IF fails to reveal anything

42
Q

tx for MCD

A

rapid response to corticosteroids!

43
Q

depolarizing NMJ blocker that is agumented by this drug during phase I but REVERSED during phase II

A

Neostigmine

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