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Step 1 > TEst 89 > Flashcards

TEst 89 Flashcards

1
Q

Hysterectomy>
unintentional ureteral ligation>
distension of renal pelvis and kidney>
flank pain that radiates to the groin and a palpable mass (the kidney) on deep abdominal palpation

A

watch out for hysterectomys

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2
Q

asymptomatic course of proggressivley worsening uremia

A

APCKD

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3
Q

painless hematuria, flank pain, palbable mass

A

Renal cell carcinoma

NOT likely to occur folowing a pelvic procedure

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4
Q

displacement

A

from person to object

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5
Q

sublimation

A

unacceptable drives redirected toward acceptable target

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6
Q

reaction formation

A

unacceptable feelings ignored and redirected twaords opposite

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7
Q

contralateral superior quandrantopia

A

Pie in the sky

Temporal
Meyers lobe

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8
Q

nontypable H influenza strains

A

strains of h inlufenza that DO NOT form an antiphagocytic capcsukle

…Part of the NORMAL flora of URT that can cause otitis media, sinusitis and bronchitis

Hib vaccine only gives you immunity to capsular strains

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9
Q

MC causes of frequent acute otits medai

A

h influenza

s. pneumonia

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10
Q

BRAF

A

Protein kinase involved in activation of signaling pathways for MELANOCYTE proliferation

BRAF V600E mut seen in 40-60% of pts w/ melanoma

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11
Q

MCC of esophagitis

A

GERD

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12
Q

mechanism responsible for GERD

A

GE jxn incompetence

repeated exposure of esophageal mucosa to acidic gastric contents> chemical injurya nd inflammatory reaction

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13
Q

basal zone hyperplasia

elongation of LP and inflammatory cells (eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes)

A

GERD

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14
Q

FF

A

GFR/RPF

RPF= RBF x (1-Hematocrit)

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15
Q

zolpidem

A

SHORT acting hypnotic med UNRELATED to benzos

same action as benszos but lower risk of tolerance and dependence

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16
Q

TEmazEPAM

estraZOLAM

A

BENZOS hypnotics w/ med duration

HIGHER risk of addiction/tolerance

17
Q

Triazolam

A

SHORT acting hypnotic belonging to BENZO class

MORE physical dep b/c of short t/12

18
Q

Flurazepam

A

long acting benzo used for tx of insomnia

19
Q

Neutrophil chemotaxis

A

Leuk B4
5HETE
C5a
kallikrein

20
Q

anemia in woman of childbearing age

A

IDA secondary to menstrual blood loss

21
Q

Estrogens affects on HMGCoA reductase

A

increases biosynthesis of cholesterol by increaseing HMG-CoA reductase activity

22
Q

Medication that suppresses cholesteral 7a hydroxylase activity and reduces convesrion of cholesterol to bile acids> excess cholesterol secretion in bile

A

Fibrates

reduced conversion of choleslterol into bile acids> increased concentration of cholesterol in the bile

23
Q

B6 def caused by isoniazid

A

isoniazid is structurally similar to B6>
increases hte urinary excretion of B6 and competes for bit B6 binding sites>
defective syntehsis of NT like GABA

24
Q

Metalloproteinases

A

Zn containing enzymes that DEGRADE extracellular matrix

participate in normal tissue remodeling and in tumor INVASION through the BM and CT

25
Q

Detachment of tumor cells

A

down regulation of E cadherins

26
Q

Detached tumors cells ahve increased ability to adhere to BM

A

increased expression of laminin and other adhesion molecules

27
Q

Invasion of BM by tumors

A

metalloproteinases and cathepsin D protesase

28
Q

Acute RF cause of death

A

heart failure d/t myocarditis

29
Q

MTX

A

antimetabolite that is structurally similar to FOLIC ACID

INHIBITS DHFR> decreased THF

30
Q

marked one sided kidney atrophy

A

renal artery stensosis

atherosclerotic changes in elderly

fibromuscular dysplasia in woman of childbearing years

31
Q

used to tx focal dystonias, achalasias and spasms

A

c. botulinum

gram + spore forming anaerobic rod

32
Q

poly most liikely to progress to adenocarcinoma

A

villous

33
Q

mitochondrial vacuolization

A

signn of irreversible injury

mitochondria are permanently unable to genrate ATP

34
Q

disaggregation of grnaular and fibrilar elements of the nuculeus

glycogen loss

myofibril relaxation

disaggregation of polysomes

A

reversible injury

35
Q

paraoxysmal berathlessnessa nd wheezing in a young patient

A

extrinsic allergic ashma

36
Q

sputum of asthmatic

A

eosinophils and charcot leden crystals (crystalloid mass)

activated by IL5 secreted by TH2

37
Q

Cardio SE of carcinoid syndrome

A

Right sided endocardial fibrosis> pulmonic stenosis/restrictive cardiomyoipathy

severoity relates to levels of 5HAA

38
Q

omalizumab

A

inhibits IgE binding to mast cells

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