Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANP402 > 5 LE Foot > Flashcards

5 LE Foot Flashcards

1
Q

podiatry

A

study y care of feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

FCN of foot

A

(1) platform to support body weight

(2) movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

synovial joints (7)

A 
talocrural
subtalar (talocalcaneal)
talocalcaneonavicular 
calcneocuboid
tarsometatarsal 
metatarsophalangeal
interphalangeal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

talocrural joint

A

synovial joint @ ankle

  • hinge
  • dorsiflexion + plantar flexion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

subtalar joint

A

synovial joint

  • made up of talocalcaneonavicular + calcaneocuboid joints
  • inversion + eversion

(aka) talocalcaneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

talocalcaneonavicular joint

A

augment (add to) subtalar joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

calcaneocuboid joint

A

augment (add to) subtalar joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tarsometatarsal joint

A

synovial joint

- allows slight movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

metatarsophalangeal joint

A

synovial joint

  • hinge
  • flexion + extension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

interphalangeal joint

A

synovial joint

  • hinge
  • flexion + extension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

skin of the foot

A

dorsal surface

plantar surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dorsal surface (skin of the foot)

A

thin

loose y low fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

plantar surface (skin of the foot)

A

thick
many sweat glands
high fat
sensitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

dorsal fascia

A

deep fascia of the foot continuous w/ inferior extensor retinaculum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

plantar fascia

A

deep fascia of the foot

  • thick centrally
  • forms plantar aponeurosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

plantar aponeurosis

A

acts like a superficial ligament in the deep fascia of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

FCN plantar apoenurosis

A

(1) hold parts of foot juntos
(2) protect from injuries [include VAN]
(3) support longitudinal arches of the foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

specializations of the foot

A

(1) tendinous sheaths y bursae
(2) calcaneal y malleolar bursae
(3) MP y IP ligaments
(4) extensor y flexor expansions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

long plantar ligament

A

spans calcaneous to base MT #2-5

- 1st layer (most superficial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

plantar calcaneocuboid ligament

A

(aka) short plantar ligament

- 2nd layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

A

connects calcaneus y navicular

  • (aka) spring ligament
  • 3rd layer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

deep transverse metatarsal ligament

A

located btwn MTs

- 4th layer

23
Q

intertarsal ligaments

A

deepest ligament

24
Q

FCN arches of the foot

A

(1) distribute weight
(2) shock absorption
(3) “springs” to propel during movement

25
Q

arches of the foot (3)

A

medial longitudinal arch
lateral longitudinal arch
transverse arch

26
Q

medial longitudinal arch (foot)

A

higher + stronger arch

27
Q

lateral longitudinal arch (foot)

A

flatter arch

- rests on ground when standing

28
Q

transverse arch (foot)

A

includes cuboid, cuneiforms y bases of MTs

- tendons of tibialis posterior + fibularis longus maintain curvature of arch

29
Q

passive factors that maintain integrity of arches

A

(1) shape of interlocking bones

(2) four layers of fibrous tissue

30
Q

four layers of fibrous tissue (passive factors)

A

(1) plantar aponeurosis
(2) long plantar ligament
(3) short plantar ligament
(4) spring ligament

31
Q

dynamic factors that maintain integrity of arches

A

(1) intrinsic muscle contractions
(2) extrinsic muscle contractions
(3) active + tonic

32
Q

extrinsic muscles of the foot

A

I (general): distal phalanx

33
Q

intrinsic muscles of the foot

A

I (general): proximal phalanx

dorsal group (2) + plantar group (4 layers)

34
Q

dorsal group

A

extensor digitorum brevis

extensor halluces brevis

35
Q

extensor digitorum brevis

A

dorsal group

O: calcaneus + inferior extensor retinaculum
I: tendons of extensor digitorium longus (digits 2 – 4)
A: extend phalanges of digits #2 -4
N: deep fibular nerve

36
Q

extensor hallucis brevis

A

(dorsal group)

O: calcaneus + inferior extensor retinaculum
I: proximal phalanx of hallux
A: extend proximal hallux
N: deep fibular nerve

37
Q

abductor hallucis

A

(plantar group - layer 1)

O: calcaneus + flexor retinaculum + plantar aponeurosis
I: proximal phalanx of hallux (medial side)
A: ABDuct hallux
N: medial plantar

38
Q

flexor digitorum brevis

A

(plantar group - layer 1)

O: calcaneus + plantar aponeurosis
I: middle phalanx of digits #2 – 5
A: flex digits #2 – 5
N: medial plantar

39
Q

abductor digit minimi

A

(plantar group - layer 1)

O: calcaneus + plantar aponeurosis
I: proximal phalanx of digit #5 (lateral side)
A: ABDuct digit #5
N: lateral plantar

40
Q

quadratus plantae

A

(plantar group - layer 2)

O: calcaneus
I: tendon of flexor digitorum longus
A: assist flexor digitorum longus in flexing digits #2 – 5
N: lateral plantar

41
Q

lumbricals #1 - 4

A

(plantar group - layer 2)

O: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
I: proximal phalanx of digits #2 – 5
A: flex proximal phalanges #2 – 5
N: medial plantar + lateral plantar

42
Q

flexor hallucis brevis

A

(plantar group - layer 3)

O: cuboid + lateral cuneiform
I: proximal phalanx of hallux
A: flex proximal phalanx of hallux
N: medial plantar

sometimes absent

43
Q

adductor hallucis

A

(plantar group - layer 3)

O: MTs #2 – 4 + MTP joints
I: proximal phalanx of hallux (lateral side)
A: ADDuct hallux
N: lateral plantar

2 heads: oblique + transverse

44
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

(plantar group - layer 3)

O: MT #5
I: proximal phalanx of digit #5
A: flex proximal phalanx #5
N: lateral plantar

45
Q

plantar interossei (PAD)

A

(plantar group - layer 4 / deepest layer)

O: medial sides of MTs #3 – 5
I: medial sides of proximal phalanges 3 – 5
A: ADDuct digits + flex MTP joints
N: lateral plantar

46
Q

dorsal interossei (DAB)

A

(plantar group - layer 4 / deepest layer)

O: adjacent sides of MTs #1 – 5
I: proximal phalanges #2 – 4
A: ABDuct digits + flex MTP joints
N: lateral plantar

47
Q

hallux valgus

A

lateral deviation of big toe

  • creates bunion (MT #1 sticks out)
  • sesamoid bones rotate into MT #1 - 2 space creating pain
  • result: tender / inflamed bursa
  • causes: footwear + degenerative joint diseases (arthritis)
48
Q

hammer toes

A

proximal phalanx becomes permanently dorsiflexed (hyper-extend) @ MTP joint

  • middle phalanx plantar flexed (PIP joint)
  • caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, weakness of lumbricals / interosseus muscles due to nerve damage
  • calluses develop on dorsum of toes

**high heals

49
Q

claw toes

A

proximal phalanx dorsiflexed (MTP joint)

  • distal phalanx flexed (DIP joint)
  • caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, weakness of lumbricals / interosseus muscles due to nerve damage
  • calluses develop on plantar surface of MTs

**high heals

50
Q

types of flatfeet (pes planus) [3]

A

(1) flexible flatfeet
(2) rigid flatfeet
(3) acquired flatfeet

51
Q

flexible flatfeet

A

flat when weight-bearing only due to loose/degenerative intrinsic ligaments

52
Q

rigid flatfeet

A

always flat due to bone deformity

53
Q

acquired flatfeet

A

“fallen arches” - arches disappeared

  • occurs w/ age
  • spring ligament weak b/c trauma, degenerative of muscle

**obesity = factor

54
Q

clubfeet

A

congenital foot deformity where foot turns inward

  • 1 in 1000 births
  • subtalor joint problems [foot twisted out of position]
  • inverted, plantar flexed, forefoot adducted
  • forced weight on lateral surface [unnatural]
  • caused by tightness / shortness of muscles y tendons on medial side

ANP402 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions