Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

history > 5: opposition 1855-1894 > Flashcards

5: opposition 1855-1894 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® World History flashcards AP® U.S. History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards AP® European History flashcards World History 101 flashcards European History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

what stimulated opposition in AII reign

A

hope and disappointment brought by reforms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what did initial relaxation of censorship encourage

A

spread of radical literature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what did relaxation of controls on education increase

A

no of independently minded students

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what did creation of zemstvas and dumas provide

A

platform for educated intellectuals to challenge tsarist policies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what did reform in judicial system produce

A

professionally trained lawyers skilled in art of persuasion

ready to challenge autocratic practices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

why was moderate liberate opposition only small scale

A

only few literate and educated russians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what did liberal intellectuals have benefit of

A

education, time, wealth and interest to reflect on political matters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what did some intelligentsia seek the truth via

A

philosophical ideas eg nihilism/anarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what 2 categories did most liberal members of opposition fall into

A

slavophiles and westernisers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what did westernisers want

A

to catch up with the west by copying western ways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what did slavophiles favour

A

a superior Russian path to a better future

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what was westernising liberal oppositions aim

A

reform the autocracy so the tsar would listen and rule in conjunction with his subjects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how did AII respond to st pt zemstva demanding a central body

A

he stood firmly against proposal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why did the attractions of the slavophiles diminish in 1890s

A

country moved forward towards industrialisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why did industrialisation split the intelligentsia

A

some attracted by Marxist theory and some maintained more liberal stance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happened in 1891-92 that left zemstva responsible for relief work

A

famine

tsarist gov didn’t take actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what did famine provide evidence for

A

change needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

among which group of people did a more radical strand of opposition develop

A

younger generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what were young Russia held responsible for in june 1862

A

a series of fires in capital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

who was ‘the organisation’ set up by in 1863 and what was made

A

students at Moscow university

more calls for reform made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what was student idealism and determination heightened by

A

increased repression of later 1860s and influence of radical socialist writers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what was chernyshevsky the author of

A

the contemporary and what is to be done?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what did chernyshevskys writings suggest

A

peasants had to be made leaders of revolutionary change

24
Q

what did Herzen advocate in his journal

A

new peasant based social structure

25
Q

what did herzen call on followers to do in 1869

A

go to the people

26
Q

what view did Bakunin put forward

A

private ownership of land should be replaced by collective ownership and income should be based on number of hours worked

27
Q

how did Bakunin help to introduce Marxism into russia

A

translated marx’s communist manifesto into russian

28
Q

when was the Tchaikovsky circle set up

A

1868-69

29
Q

what was the Tchaikovsky circle

A

literary society that organised printing, publishing and distribution of scientific and revolutionary literature

30
Q

what did the circle seek

A

social revolution

31
Q

what did the circle start to do from 1872

A

organise workers with the intention of sending them to work among peasants in countryside

32
Q

another name for the populists

A

narodniks

33
Q

what was the idea behind populism

A

going to the people

34
Q

what did lavrov persuade a group of 2000 people to do in 1874

A

travel to countryside to persuade peasantry that the future of Russia depended on development of peasant commune

35
Q

what did the populists aim to exploit

A

the resentment felt since the emancipation about ack of land and tax burden

36
Q

why were the populist incomers reported to the authorities by the peasants

A

peasants ignorance, superstition, prejudice and deep rooted loyalty to tsar

37
Q

how did nardodnysim have a benefit

A

helped to take radical opposition away from underground meeting rooms and into countryside

helped to make gov more aware of opponents

38
Q

when was land and liberty set up

A

1877

39
Q

what did land and liberty continue

A

populist traditions

40
Q

what did land and liberty members seek

A

work within peasant commune but in less obtrusive manner than narodniks

41
Q

what did some members of land and liberty carry out

A

political assassinations

42
Q

when did the land and liberty organisation split

A

1879

43
Q

into what 2 groups did land and liberty split into

A

black repartition and the peoples will

44
Q

who organised black repartition

A

Plekhanov

45
Q

why did black repartition take such name

A

wanted to share black soil provinces of Russia among peasants

46
Q

what were the hopes of black repartitions

A

stimulating social change without violence

47
Q

how did black repartition set about achieving their aims

A

worked peacefully among peasantry

48
Q

what was black repartition severely weakened by

A

series of arrests in 1880-81

49
Q

who led peoples will

A

mikhailov

50
Q

how did mikhailov keep group informed of secret police activities

A

planted a spy in third section

51
Q

what methods did peoples will advocate

A

violent ones, undermining gov by assassinating officials

52
Q

how did AII assassination mark a turning point

A

security stepped up and new tsar retired to fortitfied castle

53
Q

what effect did increased security have

A

ended populist movement

54
Q

which forms of opposition continued underground after AII assassination

A

self education circles who translated writings of foreign socialists

contact with radicals in exile in west maintained

55
Q

what did Plekhanov establish from Switzerland in 1883

A

emancipation of labour group

56
Q

what did emancipation of labour group do

A

translated and arranged for Marxist tracts to be smuggled into Russia

sought to demonstrate Marxism fully applicable to russia

57
Q

how did industrialisation benefit opposition groups

A

numbers of workers organisations, illegal trade unions, Marxist discussion circles and other groups developed- spreading Marxist ideas

history (44 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions