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history > 1: the 1906 election > Flashcards

1: the 1906 election Flashcards

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1
Q

what was the result of the general election of 1906

A

landslide victory for liberals

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2
Q

notable liberal gov ministers

A

Lloyd George and Churchill

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3
Q

what did liberal gov put ideas forward of

A

new liberalism

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4
Q

what did the 1906 election also highlight

A

the rising popularity of the labour party

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5
Q

what 2 things related to the makeup of the parties influenced the results of 1906 election

A

leadership and campaigns

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6
Q

how did Boer War help conservatives in 1900

A

won impressive electoral victory because of patriotic support of gov and fact that war split liberals

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7
Q

how did the boer war contribute to long term downfall of conservatives

A

lasted longer and was more costly in lives and money than expected

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8
Q

why did the boer war cause moral outrage in britain

A

some of the methods used to defeat boers were awful

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9
Q

how did the boer war lead to concerns over the physical decline of the british race

A

exposed amount of malnutrition present

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10
Q

how did liberals gain support by boer war

A

claimed conservatives neglected poverty in cities

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11
Q

how did 1902 education act impact election result

A

roused fury of nonconformists- reverted to liberal party

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12
Q

what did the education act provide

A

all schools funded from local rates- nonconformists outraged that taxes might be spent on schools that they strongly objected

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13
Q

how did non conformists view education act

A

another privilege for C of E- already regarded as having unfair advantages

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14
Q

what did 1904 licensing act aim

A

reducing number of public houses

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15
Q

why did 1904 licensing act anger N.C

A

infuriated temperance section by proposing to compensate brewers and publicans for cancellation of licences

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16
Q

what was 1904 licensing act denounced as

A

‘brewers bill’- brewers supported conservatives

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17
Q

which groups did Chinese labour issue turn against conservatives

A

non conformists and trade unions

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18
Q

what was the Chinese labour issue

A

Chinese labourers imported into south Africa and kept in overcrowded camps

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19
Q

why did Chinese labour issue turn non conformists against conservative

A

moral outcry about treatment of chinese

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20
Q

why did trade unions turn against conservatives after Chinese li

A

feared employers might bring them into Britain and push down wages at home

unemployment high 1905- inadequate support for unemployed

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21
Q

taff vale case

A

railway workers striking. 1902 H/L ruled company was within its rights to sue trade union

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22
Q

why were trade unions horrified by taff vale case

A

impossible to call successful strikes

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23
Q

why did taff vale case lose workers and TU support for conservatives

A

act of parliament could overrule H/L judgement- Balfour: ‘matter for courts’ and refused

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24
Q

what did the taff vale case encourage

A

trade union support for a labour group in parliament

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25
Q

why was the conservative lack of reaction to liberal and labour attempts surprising

A

liberals: new liberalism
labour: campaigning for reform

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26
Q

how did balfour react to liberal and labour social reform campaigns

A

1902 education act only

provided for reform but only caused controversy

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27
Q

when was tariff reform campaign launched

A

1903- joseph chamberlain

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28
Q

what did chamberlain want

A

reintroduce tariffs with lower level tariff for goods coming from british empire than those from non empire- imperial preference

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29
Q

what did chamberlain argue that tariffs would do

A
  • protect industry- more jobs
  • provide revenue to fund social reform
  • strengthen empire
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30
Q

what did people fear from tariff reform

A

dearer food and falling living standards

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31
Q

which leading conservative voted liberal on the issue of tariff reform

A

churchill

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32
Q

how did tariff reform affect conservative party

A

split them

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33
Q

how did tariff reform reunite liberals

A

belief in free trade was something liberals supported

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34
Q

how did liberals present themselves due to their free trade beliefs

A

the party protecting cheap food

35
Q

how did Balfours position weaken conservatives cause

A

he was intelligent but lacked political skill

36
Q

how did balfour lack political skill

A

not as sensitive to public opinion as his predecessor Salisbury, didn’t understand social issues

37
Q

how was balfour responsible for timing of 1906 election

A

indirectly due to his decision that gov should step down Dec 1905

38
Q

in what way did lib-lab pact secure govs defeat

A

in terms of loss of parliamentary seats

39
Q

what did lib lab pact involve

A

liberals wouldn’t oppose labour candidates in 30 selected constituencies

LRC promised to restrict candidates in other constituencies in return

40
Q

what did lib lab pact set out to prevent

A

a split in the anti conservative vote

41
Q

how could it be argued that lib lab pact helped LRC more

A

giving it new political power

42
Q

how did liberals view lib lab pact to have benefitted them

A

financially and from idea of progressive alliance on left, secured total defeat of conservatives

43
Q

old liberalism: ‘freedom to do things’

new liberalism:

A

freedom from evils such as poverty and low wages in addition

44
Q

old liberalism: laissez faire

new liberalism:

A

state intervention key in establishing minimum standards of life

45
Q

old liberalism: self help

new liberalism:

A

poorer needed state help too

46
Q

what did new liberalism put emphasis on

A

providing safety nets to prevent hard working but vulnerable citizens falling into destitution

47
Q

what did new liberalism not suggest

A

everyone should state assistance- only vulnerable

48
Q

examples of continuity between old and new liberalism

A

self help, importance of individuals and individual initiatives, free trade

49
Q

how did new liberalism contradict traditional liberal emphasis on thrift and low taxation

A

implied higher gov spending

50
Q

what were carried out in late 19th cent to prove that poverty was major problem in Britain

A

social investigations by rowntree and booth

51
Q

what did the findings of social investigations support idea of

A

poverty largely caused by economic forces beyond control of individual and not idleness

52
Q

examples of intellectuals that contributed to new liberalism

A

green and hobson

53
Q

what did intellectuals argue

A

19th cent liberalism put too much stress of freedom of individual and not enough on role of society through state

54
Q

political motives to new liberalism: divisions

A

could rescue liberals from recent divisions- theme that might unite it

55
Q

political motives to new liberalism: labour

A

worried labour party may become potential political rival

social reform- working class vote

56
Q

political motives to new liberalism: conservatives

A

social reform- conservatives vulnerable to attack

liberals would have clear alternative to conservative policies

57
Q

why was Britain’s primacy at risk in the early 20th cent

A

concern that britains economy and workforce no longer as efficient as they had been

58
Q

what deficiencies did boer war highlight

A

britains military and administrative ability and poor state of health amongst working class

59
Q

which countries were catching up/taking over Britain industrially

A

Germany, japan, usa

60
Q

how else was Germany growing other than industrially

A

militarily

61
Q

what composition of liberal mps supported new liberalism

A

50% including Lloyd George and churchill

62
Q

who was the liberal party led by 1905-08

A

Campbell bannerman

63
Q

who was the liberal party led by 1908-15

A

asquith

64
Q

what did CB gov pass

A

reforms that included free school meals and medical inspections for school children

65
Q

what did CB gov show

A

reforms not just important for helping vulnerable but state were properly prepared to intervene in peoples lives

66
Q

what did asquith work on as chancellor under Campbell bannerman

A

oaps

67
Q

who did asquith appoint to be his ministers as PM

A

Lloyd George and churchill

68
Q

what did Lloyd George introduce 1908

A

OAPS

69
Q

how did Lloyd George help to push through controversial legislation

A

powerful speeches

70
Q

what was Churchill particularly concerned with

A

low wages and unemployment issues

71
Q

what did churchill play key roles in

A

1909 trade boards act and setting up labour exchanges

72
Q

what category of people were the 30 members of the labour party in 1903

A

working men

73
Q

who was chairman of labour party

A

hardie

74
Q

who was labour secretary

A

macdonald

75
Q

why were labour unable to have significant impact politically 1906

A

large majority of liberals

liberal programme of social reform- helped working people so labour had to support them

76
Q

what was the conservative party renamed to in 1909

A

conservative and unionist party

77
Q

who did conservatives formally merge with in may 1912

A

liberal unionists

78
Q

in which house were conservatives powerless in following 1906 election

A

commons- less than 1/4 seats

79
Q

how did conservatives still manage to block liberals bill

A

used permanent conservative majority in Lords

80
Q

what did house of lords become known as

A

MR bALFOUR’S POODLE

81
Q

what happened to the liberals’ 1906 education bill

A

it was mutilated so much by the lords that it had to be abandoned

82
Q

examples of other liberal measures blocked by lords

A

Scottish land bill

abolition of plural voting bill

licensing bill 1908

83
Q

why were liberals becoming more influenced by ideas of new liberalism

A
  • growing awareness of causes of poverty
  • working class vote
  • concerns over national efficiency

history (44 decks)

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