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Pharm U2 > 6) Malaria > Flashcards

6) Malaria Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

What is the class for Quinine (Qualaquin)

A

Quinolone derivitive

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2
Q

What is the mechanism for Quinine (Qualaquin)

A

Accumulate in parasite’s food vacuole, disrupt heme polymerization to hemozoin, yielding oxidative damage to membranes and digestive proteases

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3
Q

What are the therapeutics for Quinine (Qualaquin)

A

Prophylaxis, treatment of acute malarial attacks

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4
Q

What are the important side effects for Quinine (Qualaquin)

A

Cinchonism, hypotension, hypoglycemia, abortion, arrhythmias

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5
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Quinine (Qualaquin)

A

Also called quinidine (used in anti-arrhythmias)

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6
Q

What is the class for Chloroquine (Aralen)

A

Quinolone derivitive

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7
Q

What is the mechanism for Chloroquine (Aralen)

A

Accumulate in parasite’s food vacuole, disrupt heme polymerization to hemozoin, yielding oxidative damage to membranes and digestive proteases

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8
Q

What are the therapeutics for Chloroquine (Aralen)

A

Prophylaxis, treatment of acute malarial attacks

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9
Q

What are the important side effects for Chloroquine (Aralen)

A

Itching (Africans), retinitis (rare)

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10
Q

What is the class for Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)

A

Quinolone derivitive

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11
Q

What is the mechanism for Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)

A

Accumulate in parasite’s food vacuole, disrupt heme polymerization to hemozoin, yielding oxidative damage to membranes and digestive proteases

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12
Q

What are the therapeutics for Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil)

A

Prophylaxis, treatment of acute malarial attacks

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13
Q

What is the class for Mefloquine (Lariam)

A

Quinolone derivitive

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14
Q

What is the mechanism for Mefloquine (Lariam)

A

Accumulate in parasite’s food vacuole, disrupt heme polymerization to hemozoin, yielding oxidative damage to membranes and digestive proteases

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15
Q

What are the therapeutics for Mefloquine (Lariam)

A

Prophylaxis, treatment of acute malarial attacks

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16
Q

What is the class for Primaquine (Primaryl)

A

Quinolone derivitive

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17
Q

What is the mechanism for Primaquine (Primaryl)

A

Forms quinolone-quinone intermediates that oxidize schizont membranes

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18
Q

What are the therapeutics for Primaquine (Primaryl)

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A

Prophylaxis, treatment of acute malarial attacks

19
Q

What are the important side effects for Primaquine (Primaryl)

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A

Hemolysis (G6PD), methemoglobinemia

20
Q

What are the other side effects for Primaquine (Primaryl)

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A

Fever, nausea, vomiting

21
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Primaquine (Primaryl)

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A

Only drug that inhibits exoerythrocytic schyzogony

22
Q

What is the mechanism for Amantadine (Symmetrel)

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A

Positive charge helps chloroquine overcome chloroquine-resistant malaria vacuoles; point mutations against amantadine return bacteria to chloroquine-sensitivity

23
Q

What is the class for Artesunate

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A

Artemisinin compound

24
Q

What is the mechanism for Artesunate

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A

Specifically and selectively inhibit SERCA of P. falciparum

25
What are the important side effects for Artesunate
Neurotoxicity, prolongation of QT interval
26
What is the class for Artemether
Artemisinin compound
27
What is the mechanism for Artemether
Specifically and selectively inhibit SERCA of P. falciparum
28
What is the class for Lumefantrine
Aminoalcohol
29
What are the therapeutics for Lumefantrine
Used in combination w/artemether (called Coartem)
30
What are the miscellaneous for Lumefantrine
Also called benflumentol
31
What is the class for Atovaquone (Mepron)
Napthalene
32
What is the mechanism for Atovaquone (Mepron)
Depolarizes parasitic mitochondria and inhibits their electron transport
33
What are the therapeutics for Atovaquone (Mepron)
Used in combination w/proguanil
34
What is the class for Chloroguanide (Malarone)
Antifolates
35
What is the mechanism for Chloroguanide (Malarone)
Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors (human and parasite pathway)
36
What are the therapeutics for Chloroguanide (Malarone)
Rare
37
What are the other side effects for Chloroguanide (Malarone)
Also called proguanil
38
What are the miscellaneous for Chloroguanide (Malarone)
Antibiotic
39
What is the mechanism for Tetracycline (Tetracyn)
Severe malaria & chloroquine-resistant uncomplicated malaria
40
What are the miscellaneous for Tetracycline (Tetracyn)
Antibiotic
41
What is the mechanism for Clindamycin (Cleocin)
Severe malaria & chloroquine-resistant uncomplicated malaria
42
What are the miscellaneous for Clindamycin (Cleocin)
Antibiotic
43
What is the mechanism for Doxycycline (Adoxa)
Severe malaria & chloroquine-resistant uncomplicated malaria
44
What are the therapeutics for Doxycycline (Adoxa)
Photosensitivity

Pharm U2 (11 decks)

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