Chapter 9.4

Question 1

Meiosis takes place in what cell

Answer 1

germ cells a diploid cell ( only gametes are haploid)

Question 2

before meiosis a germ cell must first undergo

Answer 2

Interphase

Question 3

Interphase in mitosis and meiosis are the same -review

Answer 3

1. In g1 of interphase : cell grows and synthesizes the molecules necessary for division.
2. S Phase : all of the cell’s DNA replicates resulting in 2 identical sister chromatids attached to a centromere. The cell also produces proteins and other enzymes necessary for the cell to divide
3. G2: the chromatin begins to condense, and cell produces the spindle proteins that will move the chromosomes

Question 4

The 2 parts of Meiosis

Answer 4

Meiosis I: Homologous chromosomes find each other then split up
Meiosis II: A second round of meiosis preceded by a 2nd interphase yield 4 haploid cells

Question 5

The stages of PROPHASE I

Answer 5

PROPHASE I ( early) : 1. replicated chromosomes condense and become visible

PROPHASE I (late) : 1. Spindle forms as the centrosomes move to poles of the cell

2. The nuclear envelope breaks allowing spindles access to the chromosomes
3. The Homologous chromosomes pair up with each other. This prepares them for crossing over.
4. CROSSING OVER OCCURS

Question 6

METAPHASE I

Answer 6

1. The paired homologs align at the equator of the cell

2. Spindle fibres attaches to the kinetochores assembled at each centromere.

Question 7

ANAPHASE

Answer 7

homologous chromosomes get pulled to opposite poles of the cell.

2. SISTER CHROMATIDS REMAIN ATTACHED

Question 8

TELOPHASE I AND CYTOKENISIS

Answer 8

1. nuclear envelopes form around chromosomes which may temporarily condense.
2. Spindles disappear
3. ( Cytokinesis may divide cell into 2 in most species)

Question 9

Meiosis II

Answer 9

yields four haploid cells

Question 10

PROPHASE II

Answer 10

1. spindle forms

2. Nuclear envelop breaks up

Question 11

METAPHASE II

Answer 11

Chromosomes align along the equator of the cell

2. spindle fibres attaches to the centromeres

Question 12

ANAPHASE II

Answer 12

1 The centromeres finally split

2. separated sister chromatid separate to opposite poles

Question 13

TELOPHASE II

Answer 13

1. nuclear envelopes form around the separated sets of chromosomes
2. spindle fibres are gone
3. cytokinesis separates the nuclei into individual cells

Question 14

The overall result of meiosis is

Answer 14

one diploid germ cell has divided into four haploid cells

Question 15

What must occur before Meiosis II begins

Answer 15

a second round of interphase but replicates only once

Question 16

. What happens during interphase of meiosis

Answer 16

In interphase the cell grows and synthesizes all molecules necessary for cell division; DNA replicates and each chromosome is transformed into a pair of connected sister chromatids; chromatin begins to condense, and spindle proteins are produced

Question 17

. How do the events of meiosis I and meiosis II produce four haploid cells from one diploid germ cell?

Answer 17

Meiosis I divides the homologous pairs of chromosomes into two separate haploid cells. Meiosis II then divides the sister chromatids of each duplicated chromosome in the two cells to produce four non-identical haploid daughter cells with unduplicated chromosomes.