ADHD

Question 1

Presentation

Answer 1

Boys-
-talking fast
-always moving
Girls-
-daydreaming
-internally distracted

Question 2

Core features of ADHD

Answer 2

In DSM

1. inattention/distractibility
2. impulsivity
3. hyperactivity (may or my not be there)

Not in DSM
4. temperament lability (co-morbid)

Question 3

Inattention

Answer 3

• must have 6 in the last 6 months
  1. careless
  2. difficulty sustaining attention
  3. doesn’t listen
  4. no follow through
  5. cant organize
  6. avoids/dislikes tasks requiring sustained mental effort (procrastination)
  7. loses important items
  8. easily distractible
  9. forgetful in daily activities

Question 4

Hyperactivity and impulsivity

Answer 4

-must have 6 in the last 6 months

Hyperactivity

1. squirms and fidgets
2. can’t stay seated
3. runs/climbs excessively
4. can’t play/work quietly
5. “on the go”/ “driven by a motor’
6. talks excessively

Impulsivity

1. blurts out answers
2. can’t wait turn
3. intrudes/interrupts others

Question 5

compensatory strategies not seen in clinic

Answer 5

• quite place

- tricks to not lose things

Question 6

Causes

Answer 6

• it is a brain thing
• normal- use frontal lobe to solve problems
• ADHD- use secondary paths
• brains develop slower- approximately a 3 year delay

Question 7

Genetics

Answer 7

If a child has ADHD

• 25-35% of siblings
• 80-90% of identical twins
• 15-30% of parents

If parents had ADHD
-25-50% of offspring

Question 8

environmental causes

Answer 8

• less than 20% contribution
• mostly in utero, delivery, or postnatal

Evidence of small risks

• smoking
• alcohol
• birth complications
• lead
• polychlorinated biphenyls

Evidence that does not exist

• parenting
• watching TV