after ww2

Question 1

espionage

western countries were unsure about their _______ alliance

Answer 1

Soviet

Question 2

espionage

which promises did Stalin break?

Answer 2

all the promises made at Yalta, Ukraine in February 1945

Question 3

espionage

what did western countries gather information about?

Answer 3

their “ally”

Question 4

espionage

what type of secret intelligence was gathered?

Answer 4

government production, military productivity, capability, movements

Question 5

espionage

who needed espionage?

Answer 5

essential for all countries involved in the Cold War

Question 6

Gouzenko Affair

who was Igor Gouzenko?

Answer 6

worked in Ottawa for Soviet military intelligence

Question 7

Gouzenko Affair

what did Gouzenko reveal?

Answer 7

a Soviet spy network operating in Canada, Britain, US

Question 8

Gouzenko Affair

what did Gouzenko claim Soviets were doing?

Answer 8

developing a network for ww3

Question 9

Gouzenko Affair

what helped prove Gouzenko’s claims?

Answer 9

he had smuggled 100 documents out of Soviet Embassy

Question 10

Gouzenko Affair

what did Gouzenko testify about Canadian spies?

Answer 10

they had been giving nuclear weaponry information to Soviets

Question 11

Gouzenko Affair

what did the Gouzenko Affair lead to and what did the government use to justify it?

Answer 11

arrest of several Canadians; government used War Measures Act to detain and question without charge

Question 12

Gouzenko Affair

how many people were eventually charged?

Answer 12

20

Question 13

Gouzenko Affair

what was the result of the Gouzenko Affair?

Answer 13

put immediate end to plans for the UN to control nuclear arms

Question 14

Gouzenko Affair

what would the US build in retaliation?

Answer 14

arsenal of nuclear weapons for defense

Question 15

Gouzenko Affair

what did the affair lead to?

Answer 15

suspicion and paranoia

Question 16

Gouzenko Affair

who was a suspect?

Answer 16

anyone connected with communism/ socialist leanings

Question 17

Arms Race

what did the Soviet Union announce on September 23, 1949?

Answer 17

that it had detonated its first atomic bomb 2 months ago

Question 18

Arms Race

what did western governments do in defence from the Soviets?

Answer 18

western governments stockpiled nuclear weapons

Question 19

Arms Race

why wouldn’t countries attack each other?

Answer 19

in fear of MAD

Question 20

Arms Race

what was MAD?

Answer 20

mutually assured destruction

Question 21

NATO

what was NATO?

Answer 21

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 22

NATO

which countries considered an alliance in the fall of 1948 and why?

Answer 22

US, Canada, other European countries to prevent further Soviet expansion

Question 23

NATO

what did Canada push for the agreement to do?

Answer 23

not only protect members from communist attack but also bind in peaceful coexistence

Question 24

NATO

what was the Canada clause?

Answer 24

maintain peace through economic relationship

Question 25

NATO | when was the agreement effective?

Answer 25

August 24, 1949

Question 26

Warsaw Pact | what did NATO vote for in 1954?

Answer 26

NATO voted to allow west Germany to join alliance, and rearm

Question 27

Warsaw Pact | what did the Soviets do in response to NATO?

Answer 27

created alliance to mirror NATO

Question 28

Warsaw Pact | what happened in 1955 in Warsaw, Poland?

Answer 28

Soviet Union and 7 European countries met in Warsaw, Poland, to sign Warsaw Pact

Question 29

Warsaw Pact | what could members of the Pact not do?

Answer 29

could not withdraw from Warsaw Pact

Question 30

Warsaw Pact | what did members of the Pact agree to do?

Answer 30

aid any member under attack

Question 31

UN Charter | who discussed the Charter on August 14, 1941?

Answer 31

Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill

Question 32

UN Charter | what was the plan for the UN Charter?

Answer 32

for international cooperation; would end war

Question 33

UN Charter 6 months later, 26 Allied nations signed that they would not ______________________________ and to not ______________________________

Answer 33

break ranks to negotiate peace with Axis Powers / increase territory at expense of enemy

Question 34

UN Charter | who met in San Francisco June 1945 and why?

Answer 34

delegates from 50 countries (representing 80% of the world's population) to create United Nations

Question 35

UN Charter | what did the United Nations aim for?

Answer 35

just and peace

Question 36

Korean War | who ruled Korea?

Answer 36

had been ruled by Japan- Japanese empire collapsed after the war; Soviet Union occupied North Korea and made it communist

Question 37

Korean War | what did North Korea want to invade in 1950 but what was the issue?

Answer 37

South Korea which was occupied by the US

Question 38

Korean War | when did North Korea attack and when did they drive down South Koreans by?

Answer 38

June 25, 1950 / by September

Question 39

Korean War | what did the Soviets do when they did not want to fight the US?

Answer 39

armed North Korean army to take South Korea

Question 40

Korean War | what is a proxy war?

Answer 40

a war fought by one country but for and in the interest in another

Question 41

Korean War | what did Harry Truman do in reaction to the North Korean expansion and why?

Answer 41

Soviets were not directly involved in the invasion but Harry Truman saw this as Soviet expansion; called on UN Security Council to intervene

Question 42

Korean War | what did the UN force give to to South Korea?

Answer 42

"rendered every assistance"

Question 43

Korean War | what did Lester B Pearson contribute and why?

Answer 43

sent Canadian aid to South Korea- with the belief that the UN helped weaker states defend themselves

Question 44

Korean War | who led the UN attack, how long did it take, and what was the move after recapturing Seoul?

Answer 44

American general Douglas MacArthur led UN attack and recaptured Seoul in 2 months, then continued north

Question 45

Korean War | what would China not tolerate?

Answer 45

Americans at its border

Question 46

Korean War | what was the result of China's intolerance of Americans?

Answer 46

UN was soon fighting Chinese troops at border and in 2 months were driven out of North Korea

Question 47

Korean War | what happened to Seoul?

Answer 47

ended up in communist control again

Question 48

Korean War | how did the UN retake Seoul?

Answer 48

stopped northern forces

Question 49

Korean War | how many Canadians were killed and wounded?

Answer 49

516 / 1000

Question 50

Korean War | when was the armistice reached?

Answer 50

July 27, 1953

Question 51

Korean War | what happened to Korean borders after the war?

Answer 51

remained mostly unchanged

Question 52

AVRO Arrow | what was Canada's reaction to concern about Soviet attack?

Answer 52

Canada spends most money on military and defense for 15 years

Question 53

AVRO Arrow | what was developed in 1953?

Answer 53

new aircraft for Royal Canadian Air Force

Question 54

AVRO Arrow | which company would build the Arrow (CF-105)?

Answer 54

the AV Roe Canada

Question 55

AVRO Arrow | what was debuted on October 4, 1957 and what was it overshadowed by?

Answer 55

the presentation of the Arrow to the public and press was overshadowed by launch of Soviet Union's Sputnik I

Question 56

AVRO Arrow | what was the Sputnik I?

Answer 56

first artificial satellite to be put into orbit around Earth

Question 57

AVRO Arrow | what did western scientists believe about satellite technology?

Answer 57

could lead to unmanned ballistic missiles

Question 58

AVRO Arrow | when was the Arrow program shut down?

Answer 58

February 20, 1959

Question 59

AVRO Arrow | how many employees were laid off?

Answer 59

more than 15 000

Question 60

AVRO Arrow | which jets did Canada eventually settle for?

Answer 60

US- bought Voodoo fighter jets

Question 61

Pugwash Movement | who was Bertrand Russell?

Answer 61

British mathematician, Nobel Prize winner, philosopher, social critic

Question 62

Pugwash Movement | what conference did Canadian philanthropist Cyrus Eaton hosted in Pugwash, Nova Scotia?

Answer 62

the Conference on Science and World Affairs

Question 63

Pugwash Movement | what did a group of well known and respected scientists and authors including Russell and Einstein publish in 1955?

Answer 63

"Notice to the World" manifesto

Question 64

Pugwash Movement | what was the "Notice to the World" manifesto?

Answer 64

campaign for nuclear disarmament

Question 65

Pugwash Movement | what conference did Russell organize in 1957?

Answer 65

a conference of scientists and public figures interested in reducing the risk of armed conflict

Question 66

Pugwash Movement | when did the Pugwash Organization earn a Nobel Peace Prize?

Answer 66

in 1995

Question 67

UN Declaration of Human Rights | what did John Peters Humphrey set up in 1946?

Answer 67

UN Division of Human Rights

Question 68

UN Declaration of Human Rights | when did the General Assembly adopted the declaration after fine tuning?

Answer 68

December 10, 1948

Question 69

UN Declaration of Human Rights | list rights of the Declaration

Answer 69

right to life and liberty right to freedom of movement, thought, religion freedom from slavery, torture, imprisonment without charge right to education, to a fair trial, to equal pay for work of equal value right to work, to join a union, to rest right to a nationality

Question 70

UN Declaration of Human Rights | "all human beings are born __________ in ___________"

Answer 70

free and equal / dignity and rights

Question 71

UN Declaration of Human Rights | regardless of _______________________

Answer 71

race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, or other status