All glaucoma types/amblyopia/cataracts/retinal detachment

Question 1

Group of eye conditions that lead to damage of the optic nerve; second leading cause of blindness

Answer 1

Glaucoma

Question 2

What are the 2 causes of glaucoma?

Answer 2

Increased intraocular pressure due to blocked aqueous huor outflow or overproduction
Decrease blood flow to optic nerve (increased pressure will cause ischemia/degeneration

Question 3

What should treatment of glaucoma focus on?

Answer 3

Decreasing intraocular pressure

Question 4

Most common type, painless, gradual onset, bilateral changes in vision (tunnel/blurred vision, halos around lights); treat with meds and laser surgery

Answer 4

Open-angle glaucoma

Question 5

Due to aqueous humor outflow blockage, sudden onset, can be caused by trauma or stress, can affect one or both eyes, worsens quickly; will see sudden and severe eye pain with headache

Answer 5

Closed angle glaucoma

Question 6

Present at birth, hereditary (X-linked recessive pattern): treat with laser surgery

Answer 6

Congenital glaucoma

Question 7

Opacity or clouding of the lens

Answer 7

Cataracts

Question 8

Family history, advacning age, smoking, UV light exposure, DM, smoking, and eye injury are risk factors for?

Answer 8

Adult-onset cataracts

Question 9

How do cataracts affect the eyes?

Answer 9

One or both and do not affect eyes symmetrically

Question 10

Cloudy, fuzzy, foggy, or filmy vision

Answer 10

Cataracts

Question 11

Loss one one eye’s ability to see details

Answer 11

Amblyopia

Question 12

Occurs when the brain and eyes do not work together properly; the brain favors one eye

Answer 12

Amblyopia

Question 13

What happens to the eyes when affected by amblyopia?

Answer 13

The preferred eye has normal vision, but because the brain ignores the other eye, vision does not develop normally

Question 14

What causes amblyopia?

Answer 14

Strabismus, family history, astigmatism, congenital cataracts

Question 15

Acute condition that occurs when the reina separates from its supporting structures

Answer 15

Retinal detachment

Question 16

How does retinal detachment occur?

Answer 16

When vitreous humor leaks through a retinal tear and accumulates underneath the retina and causes it to detach from the choroid; the reina becomes ischemic and stops funcitoning causing vision loss

Question 17

What are the causes of retinal detachment?

Answer 17

spontaneous, trauma, diabetes, aging changes

Question 18

How should the nurse treat retinal detachment? (emergency or nah)

Answer 18

Medical emergency!

Question 19

What manifestations are associated with retinal detachment?

Answer 19

Painless, blurred or darkening vision (curtain), flashes of light in peripheral field