Diabetes Flashcards
(17 cards)
Develops when the body’s immune system destroys pancreatic beta cells
Type 1 diabetes
HgbA1c is greater than 6.5
Type 1 or 2
What is the cause of Type 1 DM
unknown, autoimmune reaction
Who does type 1 DM primarily affect?
Children and young adults
A pH imbalance characterized by increased ketones in the urine caused by insufficient insulin; will see very high blood sugar, fruity scented breath, confusion, thirst, Kussmaul respirations.
DKA
Life threatening condition caused by an underlying infection and new onset diabetes
DKA
Blood glucose levels are higher than normal, but not high enough for diagnosis
Prediabetes
HgbA1c is 5.7-6.4
Prediabetes
What happens to the glucose levels with prediabetes?
Glucose levels in the blood increase because of insulin resistance.
Why is insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism impaired with pre diabetes?
Adipose cells secrete immune/inflammatory substances that impair this causing hyperglycemia
What could hyperglycemia cause?
Destruction or desensitization of beta cells (glucose toxicity)
How is prediabetes treated?
Lifestyle changes to prevent or delay T2 DM and complications
Usually begins as insulin resistance, pancreas gradually loses its ability to produce insulin
T2 diabetes
How is T2 DM treated?
Initial managment with oral antidiabetic medications, supplemental insulin as the condition progresses and pancreas cannot make insulin
Form of glucose intolerance diagnosed during pregnancy
GDM
What percentage of women with be diagnosed with DM immediately after giving birth?
5-10%
What percentage of women will develop diabetes with 5-10 years after delivery?
40-60%
