Anatomy And Physiology

Question 1

Anatomy def

Answer 1

Form

Can be in a large scale, microscopic (histology), or comparative (retractable vs nonretractable claw)

Question 2

Physiology def

Answer 2

Body/organ function

Question 3

Animal vitals

Answer 3

Run hotter than humans

Question 4

Most animal temps are around ___________

Which two are abnormal

Answer 4

102

Horse lower
Poultry higher

Question 5

Where is the dorsal

Answer 5

Surface back

Question 6

What does median plane do

Answer 6

Cut down middle of animal

Question 7

Where is the cranial end

Answer 7

Head

Question 8

What’s another name for causal end

Answer 8

Coccygeal

Question 9

What does the transverse plane do

Answer 9

Perpendicular to median plane

Question 10

What is another name for median plane

Answer 10

Mid sagital plane

Question 11

Frontal plane

Answer 11

?

Question 12

What is difference between abduction and adduction

Answer 12

Abduction- movement away from median plane

Add- movement toward median plane

Question 13

Difference between anterior and posterior

Answer 13

Anterior/ toward front of body

Posterior- toward back surface of body

Question 14

Difference between caudal and cranial

Answer 14

Caudal- toward tail

Cranial- toward head

Question 15

What does cutaneous

Answer 15

Relating to the skin

Question 16

What is the ventral

Answer 16

Belly

Question 17

Muscle just below skin is ______________ abdominal muscle also known as fly shaker

Answer 17

Cutaneous

Question 18

What’s the difference between extension and flexion

Answer 18

Extension- straightening of limbs

Flexion- bending of limbs at joints

Question 19

Difference between lateral and medial

Answer 19

Lateral- away from median plane

Medial- toward median plane

Question 20

What is sagital

Answer 20

Any plane parallel to median plane

Question 21

What is a process

Answer 21

A projection or outgrowth

Question 22

What’s the difference of proximal and distal

Answer 22

Proximal- usually applied to limbs
Toward the attached portion of major body mass

Distal- farthest from major body mass

Question 23

Def of superficial (superficialis)

Answer 23

Toward surface

Question 24

Transverse def

Answer 24

A plane across body perpendicular to median plane

Question 25

Infra or sub

Answer 25

Below or beneath

Question 26

Supra

Answer 26

Above or superior

Question 27

Inter

Answer 27

Between

Question 28

Intra

Answer 28

Within

Question 29

Skin

Answer 29

Exterior covering of body Continuous

Question 30

Layers of skin + def

Answer 30

Epidermis- outer layers of epithelial cells Dermis- connective tissue, blood vessels, lymph, nerves, glands, hair follicular

Question 31

Functions of skin

Answer 31

Protection Temp regulation Responds to environment (sensory nerves) Secretion and excretion

Question 32

Skeletal system functions

Answer 32

Protection Provide rigidity and form (support) Act of levers Store minerals Sure for red blood cell formation

Question 33

5 vertebraes

Answer 33

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, caudal

Question 34

What are the three things that make up pelvis

Answer 34

Shaft of Ilium (hook) Ischium (pin) Pubic symphysis (middle)

Question 35

Four types of joints

Answer 35

Ball and socket: shoulder hip Hinged: elbow Pivot: neck (atlas, axis) Glide: ( vertebrae- bend several directions)

Question 36

Another name for ribs

Answer 36

Casts

Question 37

This carries signals from sensory organs to the brain (afferent signals) and signals brain muscles and tissues (efferent signals)

Answer 37

Nervous system

Question 38

Another name for signals from sensory organs to the brain

Answer 38

Afferent signals

Question 39

Signals from brain to muscles and tissues

Answer 39

Efferent signals

Question 40

Name two systems in nervous system

Answer 40

Central and peripheral

Question 41

The central nervous system consists of what

Answer 41

Brain and spinal cords

Question 42

Peripheral nervous system consists of

Answer 42

Cranial and spinal nerves

Question 43

Whole blood is made up of two things they are

Answer 43

``` Formed elements (45%) Plasma (55%) ```

Question 44

Formed elements consist of

Answer 44

Platelets Red blood cells White blood cells

Question 45

Plasma consists of

Answer 45

Other (1.5%) Water (91.5% Proteins 7%

Question 46

Proteins in plasma consist of

Answer 46

Binding proteins | Antibodies

Question 47

Hemoglobin in blood is what

Answer 47

Oxygen binding protein in blood

Question 48

Red blood cells are also called and are produced in

Answer 48

Erythrocytes | Bone marrow

Question 49

Red blood cells carry what

Answer 49

Oxygen and co 2

Question 50

White blood cells are also called

Answer 50

Leukocyte

Question 51

White blood cells are what

Answer 51

Immune cells

Question 52

Platelets another name for

Answer 52

Thrombocytes

Question 53

Platelets do what

Answer 53

Blood clotting

Question 54

Name the control, banding pattern, shape, and nuclei/cell of skeletal muscle

Answer 54

Control: voluntary Bp: striated Shape: threadlike N/c- multinucleated

Question 55

What is the control, banding pattern, shape, and nuclei:celll of cardiac muscle

Answer 55

Control- involuntary Bp: striated Shape: branches N/c: mononucleated

Question 56

What is the control, banding pattern, shape, and nuclei/cell of smooth muscle

Answer 56

Control: involuntary Bp: non striated Shape: various Nc: mononucleated

Question 57

What does striated mean

Answer 57

Under microscope and have banding patterns due to density of proteins

Question 58

What are the 5 muscle functions

Answer 58

Locomotion, respiration, circulation, digestion, and reproduction

Question 59

``` What muscle type performs: Locomotion Respiration Circulation Digestion Reproduction ```

Answer 59

``` L- skeletal muscle R- skeletal muscle (not intirrally involuntary because of diaphragm) C- cardiac and smooth D- smooth primarily Rep- smooth primarily ```

Question 60

Which muscle type has the largest cells in animals body that is visible by eye

Answer 60

Skeletal muscle

Question 61

What does multinucleated allow

Answer 61

Allow to get big

Question 62

Smooth muscle is described as

Answer 62

Adaptable

Question 63

How many chambers are in the heart of humans Name them

Answer 63

4 Right and left atrium Right and left ventricles

Question 64

What do artiers do What do veins do

Answer 64

Artiers thick vessels that carry oxygen rich blood Veins- return vessels

Question 65

What are the two exceptions to veins and artieries

Answer 65

Pulmonary v and a

Question 66

What are capillaries

Answer 66

Thin walled vessels, all tissues

Question 67

What is lymph system

Answer 67

Accessory to circulatory system Nodes or glands filter foreign substances, produce lymphocytes

Question 68

Systematic circulation def

Answer 68

Moves oxygenated blood to body and returns venous (deoxygenated) blood to heart

Question 69

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 69

Veins carry oxygenated blood

Question 70

What def of cardiac muscle

Answer 70

Branched fibers connected by dense intercalated disks Many glycogen granules Large and numerous mitochondria

Question 71

What are the three muscle fiber types

Answer 71

Red oxidative type 1 Intermediate oxid/glycolytic type 11A White glycolytic type 11b