AVS 209 Quiz 5

Question 1

Although corn grain is a primary energy source for livestock diets nationwide, barley, ________, and milo are small grains that require less rainfall and shorter growing seasons than corn

Answer 1

wheat

Question 2

_________ is the gold standard for legumes productivity.

Answer 2

Alfalfa

Question 3

Dry forages

A. are more digestible than roughages
B. have < 70% digestible energy
C. have more crude fiber energy feeds
D. include alfalfa hay and orchardgrass hay
E. have > 18% crude fiber
F. have lower TDN than energy feeds

Answer 3

ABCDEF

Question 4

Legumes have ________ fixing bacteria that form root nodules and can convert the element from the atmosphere to a form used by the plant.

Answer 4

nitrogen

Question 5

Legumes tend to be ________ (higher or lower) in crude protein than grasses

Answer 5

higher

Question 6

Controlled fermentation is used to preserve ________, which is a high moisture feedstuff that is stable for long periods of time and highly palatable when fed

Answer 6

silage

Question 7

If the wilted forage is then fermented, it is called _______

Answer 7

haylage

Question 8

Protein supplements

A. include cottonseed meal and dried distillers grains
B. from animal sources are more palatable than from plants
C. are >20% crude protein
D. include urea only for ruminants

Answer 8

ACD

Question 9

Corn and barley grains would be expected to have

A. less crude protein than canola meal
B. more starch but less protein than alfalfa hay
C. less crude fiber than grass
D. poorer quality protein than whey or plasma

Answer 9

ABCD

Question 10

Oats are highly palatable, but tend to be higher in _______ than corn due to the hull on the grain.

Answer 10

fiber

Question 11

T/F:

Timothy, bromegrass, and orchard grass are all tall, cool season grasses.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

As forage gets more mature

A. ruminants will consume less voluntarily
B. % crude protein will increase
C. % crude fiber will increase
D. dry matter digestibility will increase

Answer 12

AC

Question 13

What are the three nutrient categories in a energy ration

Answer 13

Lipids
Carbohydrates
Proteins

Question 14

In the Net Energy System, what is the correct order?

Answer 14

Gross Energy > Digestible Energy > Metabolizable Energy> Net Engery

Question 15

Essential vs. Non-Essential Amino Acids

Answer 15

Essential: Amino acids that are limiting and needs to be absorbed
Non-Essential: Amino acid that aren’t limiting and are digested

(? Worded correctly? )

Question 16

What are the first limiting amino acids

Answer 16

methionine and lysine

Question 17

What is it called when the animal or plant product consumed by an animal?

Answer 17

Feedstuff

Question 18

What are the 6 categories of nutrients

Answer 18

proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, vitamins, and water

Question 19

Corn and wheat grains would be expected to have

A. less crude protein than cottonseed meal
B. more energy but less protein than alfalfa hay
C. less crude fiber than grass
D. more digestible energy than grass

Answer 19

ABCD

Question 20

Feed should always be compared, purchased, and used formulate rations on a _________ basis.

Answer 20

Dry matter

Question 21

Protein Supplements for livestock

A. include dried distillers grains and dried plasma
B. are more palatable from plant vs animal sources
C. include bone meal and oyster shells
D. are > 20 % crude protein, by definition

Answer 21

ABD

Question 22

When forage is chopped and fed as is, it is called ______

Answer 22

green chop

Question 23

Once green chop is dried, it is called ______

Answer 23

hay

Question 24

Commercial feed tags should

A. list the most abundant ingredients first
B. state the maximum % crude fiber
C indicate minimum % crude protein and fat
D say “medicated” if feed contains animal by-products

Answer 24

ABC

Question 25

T/F: | The amount of feed an animal receives in a 24-hour period is called a ration

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Animals consume feed to meet a daily need for _________

Answer 26

Dry Matter

Question 27

_______ is an energy index on a carbohydrate equivalent basis

Answer 27

TDN> Total Digestible Nutrients

Question 28

Protein is... A. Usually the most expensive component of rations B. Looks for amino acids, not protein C. Requirements is greatest in young growing animals and declines with maturity D. Looks for protein, not amino acids

Answer 28

ABC

Question 29

Biochemical substances used by the body to sustain life is called....

Answer 29

Nutrient

Question 30

What does NDF stand for

Answer 30

Neutral Detergent Fiber

Question 31

T/F: Protein is usually the most expensive component of rations, and monogastrics have a stricter requirement for dietary amino acids than ruminants that obtain amino acids from bacteria

Answer 31

True

Question 32

_______ are non-nutritive additives that increase production of rumen propionate and decrease acetate, which results in increased efficiency of feed utilization

Answer 32

Ionophores

Question 33

What does ADF stand for

Answer 33

Acid Detergent Fiber

Question 34

T/F: | Wheat straw is a roughage that may provide "scratch factor" and help maintain rumen tone and digestive tract health

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Ether extraction is used to determine _______ content in a feed sample

Answer 35

fat

Question 36

Crude protein is calculated by determining the _______ content of a feed, and multiplying this number by 6.25, because protein is approximately _____ of this element

Answer 36

nitrogen, 16%

Question 37

``` Orchardgrass A. Tall warm season bunch-grass B. Productive early in the season C. Tolerates warmer weather D. Does not tolerate close grazing ```

Answer 37

BCD

Question 38

T/F: | Timothy is a more productive than Brome or Orchardgrass

Answer 38

False > less productive

Question 39

T/F: | Energy feeds- primary grain source heavily dependent on soil and climate

Answer 39

T

Question 40

T/F: | Corn, barley, alfalfa, clover, and birdsfoot trefoil are legumes that can cause acidosis of fed in excess

Answer 40

False

Question 41

A ration A. is the feed an animal receives in a 24-hour period B. can only be balanced if nutrient composition of feed and nutrient requirements are known C. is usually balanced for energy first D. will often have added lysine for swine and added methionine for poultry

Answer 41

ABCD

Question 42

Compared with grasses, legumes generally A. have higher % crude protein B. are higher in calcium C. are more likely to cause bloat D. have ~2x more TDN

Answer 42

ABC

Question 43

T/F: | Corn grain is the primary energy source in areas with higher GDD (growing degree days)

Answer 43

T

Question 44

Oilseed A. cultivated to extract oil from seed B. generally multiple seeds per pod C. After oil extraction, meal is left D. is a common legume harvested for its seed

Answer 44

ABC

Question 45

Name the energy feeds?

Answer 45

Corn, Barley, Oats, and Milo (Sorghum)

Question 46

Name the protein feeds?

Answer 46

Soybeans, Canola, Oilseed, pulse

Question 47

Dry Matter (DM) basis equation DM= As-Fed (AF) x % DM %DM + % Moisture= 100%

Answer 47

Know the equation

Question 48

Example: a batch of 20 kg of hay contains 10% moisture. What is the DM and % DM

Answer 48

A: %DM + 10%=100% = 90% DM | DM= 20 kg x 90% = 18 kg DM

Question 49

Digestibility (total Consumed - total fecal) / Total consumed x 100 = %DM

Answer 49

Digestibility equation

Question 50

Crude Protein Equation | % N (nitrogen) x 6.25= CP

Answer 50

Just in case>>> Crude protein equation

Question 51

A fiber analysis will reveal the most digestible fiber, which is __________, as well as __________ and lignin. The latter is and indigestible component of forage that increases with maturity.

Answer 51

hemicellulose, cellulose

Question 52

What are 2 major national/global events that impact which forage or grain source is fed at UI?

Answer 52

Prices, availability, diseases

Question 53

Compare and contrast silage and hay. Why include both in the diet, instead of just 1

Answer 53

Silage is fermented and is anaerobic Hay comes from alfalfa and is wanted for bulk in the ration. Dry matter Digests differently

Question 54

What are the forage grasses?

Answer 54

Orchardgrass, Timothy,Bluegrass, Bromegrass

Question 55

What are some legumes?

Answer 55

Alfalfa, Birdfoot, Red clover, White clover

Question 56

Energy feed are feed that are dense in _____

Answer 56

NFC Non-Fiber Carbohydrates