Anatomy - Circulatory System

Question 1

______ _________ are the only component of plasma that cannot pass through the capillary membrane to reach the cells.

Answer 1

Plasma proteins

Question 2

What are the three formed elements of blood?

Answer 2

Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes

Question 3

The main component of erythrocytes is _____, which gives blood its color.

Answer 3

Hemoglobin

Question 4

What is the most numerous formed element of blood?

Answer 4

Erythrocytes

Question 5

_____ are clear white blood cells that do not contain hemoglobin.

Answer 5

Leukocytes

Question 6

Which type of lymphocytes respond to the presence of foreign substances that produce antibodies.

Answer 6

B

Question 7

Which type of lymphocytes destroy foreign substances directly?

Answer 7

T

Question 8

Many middle-aged people now regularly take ______ to reduce the risk of coronary clots that lead to myocardial infarction.

Answer 8

Aspirin

Question 9

______ helps maintain the water balance between blood and tissues and regulate blood volume.

Answer 9

Albumin

Question 10

The ______ is the blunt rounded point of the heart.

Answer 10

Apex

Question 11

The _____ is the larger flat portion at the opposite end of the apex of the heart.

Answer 11

Base

Question 12

Diastole is the _____ phase of the heart.

Answer 12

Relaxation

Question 13

Systole is the ____ phase of the heart.

Answer 13

Contraction

Question 14

The ______ carry blood from the body to the right atrium.

Answer 14

Superior and inferior vena cavae

Question 15

The ______ carries blood from the walls of the heart to the right atrium.

Answer 15

Coronary sinus

Question 16

The _____ carries blood from the left ventricle to the body.

Answer 16

Aorta

Question 17

The right and left coronary arteries exit the _____ and supply the heart muscle with oxygen nutrients.

Answer 17

Aorta

Question 18

The _______ valves allow blood to flow from the atria to the ventricles.

Answer 18

Atrioventricular

Question 19

Where is the tricuspid valve located?

Answer 19

Between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Question 20

Where is the bicuspid valve located?

Answer 20

Between left atrium and left ventricle

Question 21

The ____ valves meet in the center of the artery to block blood flow.

Answer 21

Semilunar

Question 22

What are the steps of the pulmonary circuit?

Answer 22

Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary semilunar valve, pulmonary truck, right and left pulmonary arteries, lung capillaries, pulmonary veins, left atrium

Question 23

The ____ atrium contracts to fill the ventricles.

Answer 23

Left

Question 24

What are the three layers of the blood vessel?

Answer 24

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia

Question 25

An _____ is a thin, weakened area of the wall of an artery or vein that bulges outward, forming a balloon-like sac.

Answer 25

Aneurysm

Question 26

Conducting arteries are ____ elastic arteries.

Answer 26

Large

Question 27

Distributing arteries are ____ arteries.

Answer 27

Small to medium

Question 28

The ______ _____ circulation detours venous blood from the organs of the gastrointestinal system and spleen through the liver before it returns to the heart.

Answer 28

Hepatic portal

Question 29

Atrial fibrillation decreases blood flow by ___.

Answer 29

20%

Question 30

Left side of the heart pumps to the ___.

Answer 30

Body

Question 31

Right side of the heart pumps to the _____.

Answer 31

Lungs

Question 32

The bicuspid is located on the ___ side of the heart.

Answer 32

Left

Question 33

The tricuspid is located on the ____ side of the heart.

Answer 33

Right

Question 34

____ are vessels that leave the heart.

Answer 34

Arteries

Question 35

____ are vessels that come to the heart.

Answer 35

Veins

Question 36

_____ valves leave the ventricles of the heart.

Answer 36

Semilunar

Question 37

The pulmonic valve is found leaving the ____ ventricle.

Answer 37

Right

Question 38

Systemic loop starts when it leaves the ____ side of the heart

Answer 38

Left

Question 39

What is the outermost layer of the heart?

Answer 39

Epicardium

Question 40

The innermost layer of the heart is the?

Answer 40

Endocardium

Question 41

Left sided heart failure backs up into the _____.

Answer 41

Lungs

Question 42

Right sided heart failure backs up Into the ___.

Answer 42

Body

Question 43

Main sign of left sided heart failure is?

Answer 43

Fluid in lungs

Question 44

_____ is the most common cause of left sided heart failure.

Answer 44

MI

Question 45

____ is the most common cause of right sided heart failure.

Answer 45

Left sided heart failure

Question 46

An _____ occurs at "dead ends" of hands and feet.

Answer 46

AV Shunt

Question 47

_____ are the only vessels that ooze and leak.

Answer 47

Capillaries

Question 48

What is the only vessel that is under neutral pressure?

Answer 48

Capillaries

Question 49

Capillary sphincters open completely with the presence of increased ____.

Answer 49

Co2

Question 50

What are the steps of blood flow from artery to vein?

Answer 50

Artery, arteriolar, capillaries, veinuole, vein

Question 51

____% of blood is plasma.

Answer 51

55

Question 52

_____% of blood is red blood cells.

Answer 52

44

Question 53

____% of blood is white blood cells.

Answer 53

1

Question 54

The _____ artery supplies blood to the posterior portion of the heart.

Answer 54

Circumflex

Question 55

The coronary arteries are fed via the relaxation (diastolic) phase of the?

Answer 55

Left ventricle

Question 56

The heart is located?

Answer 56

Mediastinum

Question 57

____ of the heart lies left of the midline of sternum.

Answer 57

2/3

Question 58

What are the two types of cells in the heart?

Answer 58

Electrical | Mechanical

Question 59

What is the pathway of an electrical current in the nodes of the heart?

Answer 59

SA, AV, Bundle of his, Bundle branches, Purkinje Fibers

Question 60

The ____ is the normal pacemaker of the heart.

Answer 60

SA

Question 61

The _____ node of the heart acts as the "stopsign" for electrical current to allow mechanical cells in Atrium to contract.

Answer 61

AV

Question 62

The intrinsic rate of the SA node of the heart is?

Answer 62

60-100

Question 63

The intrinsic rate of the AV node of the heart is?

Answer 63

40-60

Question 64

The intrinsic rate of the Purkinje fibers of the heart is?

Answer 64

20-40

Question 65

_____ is the amount of force exerted against walls of arteries.

Answer 65

Blood pressure