Anatomy - Female Repro System

Question 1

The ovary is typically covered by which type of epithelium?
A. Simple squamous epithelium
B. Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
C. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
D. Cuboidal epithelium

Answer 1

D. Cuboidal epithelium or Germinal epithelium

Question 2

In a nulliparous adult, where is the ovary typically located?
A. Above the pelvic brim
B. In the recto-uterine pouch
C. In the ovarian fossa below the pelvic brim
D. In the inguinal canal

Answer 2

C. In the ovarian fossa below the pelvic brim

In babies- above the pelvic brim

Question 3

The anterior border of the ovary is attached to the posterior layer of the broad ligament by a fold of peritoneum called the:
A. Suspensory ligament
B. Ovarian ligament
C. Mesovarium
D. Mesosalpinx

Answer 3

C. Mesovarium

Question 4

Pain associated with ovarian pathology may shoot down to the knee due to the ovary’s relationship with which structure?
A. Genito-femoral nerve
B. Obturator nerve
C. Ureter
D. External iliac vessels

Answer 4

B. Obturator nerve

Question 5

State the anterior and posterior boundary of the ovarian fossa?

Answer 5

Anterior - external iliac vessels
Posterior - Ureter & internal iliac vessels

Question 6

State the medial and lateral relations of the Ovarian Fossa.

Answer 6

Medial — Uterine tubes
Lateral — Obturator Nerves and vessels

Question 7

The ovarian ligament connects the uterine pole of the ovary to which structure?
A. Lateral pelvic wall
B. Lateral angle of the uterus
C. Posterior layer of the broad ligament
D. Peritoneal recess “ovarian bursa”

Answer 7

B. Lateral angle of the uterus

Question 8

Which ligament attached to the ovary contains the ovarian vessels and nerves?
A. Ovarian ligament
B. Mesovarium
C. Suspensory ligament
D. Broad ligament

Answer 8

C. Suspensory ligament

Question 9

The ovarian artery is a branch of which major artery?
A. Internal iliac artery
B. External iliac artery
C. Common iliac artery
D. Abdominal aorta

Answer 9

D. Abdominal aorta

Question 10

The right ovarian vein typically drains into which vessel?
A. Left renal vein
B. Internal iliac vein
C. Inferior vena cava
D. Common iliac vein

Answer 10

C. Inferior vena cava

Left Ovarian vein > left renal vein

Question 11

Lymphatic drainage of the ovary primarily goes to which lymph nodes?
A. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
B. Pre-aortic and lateral aortic lymph nodes
C. Internal iliac lymph nodes
D. Para-aortic and common iliac lymph nodes

Answer 11

A. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Question 12

Sympathetic nerve supply to the ovary is predominantly derived from which spinal cord segments?
A. T8 and T9
B. T10 and T11
C. L1 and L2
D. S2, S3, and S4

Answer 12

B. T10 and T11

Question 13

Which structure within the ovary secretes progesterone?
A. Primordial follicle
B. Graafian follicle
C. Corpus luteum
D. Theca interna

Answer 13

C. Corpus luteum

Question 14

In a matured Graafian follicle, the follicular antrum has enlarged and pushes the primary oocyte to the side of the cavity, surrounded by what type of cells (which were formerly follicular cells)?
A. Sertoli cells
B. Leydig cells
C. Granulosa cells
D. Epithelial cells

Answer 14

C. Granulosa cells

Question 15

Polycystic Ovary Disease (Stein-Leventhal Syndrome) is characterized by several features, including which of the following?
A. Bradymenorrhoea and hyperovulation
B. Oligomenorrhoea and anovulation
C. Hypomenorrhoea and normal ovulation
D. Amenorrhoea and hypergonadism

Answer 15

B. Oligomenorrhoea and anovulation

Other symptoms —
Infertility
Obesity
Hirsutism
Bilateral enlarged and Cystic ovaries
Increase androgen secretion
Decrease FSH

Question 16

Excessive hairiness in women in areas where terminal hair does not normally occur or is minimal is described as:
A. Anovulation
B. Oligomenorrhoea
C. Hirsutism
D. Obesity

Answer 16

C. Hirsutism

Question 17

Where are the Fallopian tubes typically located?
A. Below the uterus in the recto-uterine pouch
B. On each side of the uterus in the upper margin of the broad ligament
C. Anterior to the uterus, embedded in the vesico-uterine pouch
D. Posterior to the uterus, attached to the posterior pelvic wall

Answer 17

B. On each side of the uterus in the upper margin of the broad ligament

Question 18

The site of fertilization in the uterine tube is typically the:
A. Isthmus
B. Infundibulum
C. Intramural part
D. Ampulla

Answer 18

D. Ampulla

Question 19

The uterine tubes develop from the upper vertical part of the corresponding:
A. Wolffian duct
B. Müllerian duct (paramesonephric duct)
C. Urogenital sinus
D. Genital tubercle

Answer 19

B. Müllerian duct (paramesonephric duct)

Question 20

The arterial supply to the medial 2/3 of the uterine tube is primarily from which artery?
A. Ovarian artery
B. Internal iliac artery
C. Uterine artery
D. External iliac artery

Answer 20

C. Uterine artery

Question 21

Lymphatic drainage from the intra-mural part of the uterine tube follows the round ligament of the uterus to which lymph nodes?
A. Deep inguinal lymph nodes
B. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
C. Internal iliac lymph nodes
D. Pre-aortic lymph nodes

Answer 21

B. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Question 22

Which radiologic procedure is used to investigate the shape of the uterine cavity and tubal patency?
A. Laparoscopic dye insufflation
B. Ultrasonography
C. Hysterosalpingography
D. CT scan

Answer 22

C. Hysterosalpingography

Question 23

The vagina is a fibromuscular tube lined by what type of epithelium?
A. Simple columnar epithelium
B. Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
C. Transitional epithelium
D. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Answer 23

B. Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

Question 24

The anterior wall of the vagina is related to which structures?
A. Ureter and internal iliac vessels
B. Base of the urinary bladder and urethra
C. Recto-uterine pouch and rectum
D. Levator ani muscle and pelvic fascia

Answer 24

B. Base of the urinary bladder and urethra

Question 25

The acidity of the vaginal fluid is maintained by the conversion of glycogen into lactic acid by the fermentative action of which bacteria? A. Escherichia coli B. Streptococcus species C. Doderlein's bacilli D. Gardnerella vaginalis

Answer 25

C. Doderlein's bacilli

Question 26

List the four parts of the Fallopian tube.

Answer 26

Intra- mural Isthmus Ampulla Infundibulum

Question 27

The arterial supply to the vagina is primarily from which branches? A. Internal pudendal artery branches B. Vaginal branches of the internal iliac artery C. Uterine artery branches only D. Ovarian artery branches

Answer 27

B. Vaginal branches of the internal iliac artery Other blood supply: Internal Pudenal Middle rectal Uterine artery

Question 28

Give the following relations of the fallopian/ uterine tube: A) Below B) Below and in front C) Below and behind

Answer 28

A) Ovarian and uterine vessels B) Ligament of uterus C) Ligament of ovary w/ ovary

Question 29

The upper two-thirds of the vagina are pain insensitive and supplied by which nerves? A. Pudendal nerve (S2,S3,S4) B. Pelvic splanchnic nerve (S2,S3,S4) C. Sympathetic nerves (L1,L2) D. Ilioinguinal nerve

Answer 29

B. Pelvic splanchnic nerve (S2,S3,S4)

Question 30

Lymphatic vessels draining the vagina?

Answer 30

Internal iliac lymph nodes External iliac lymph nodes Pre-aortic lymph nodes Superficial inguinal nodes

Question 31

Culdocentesis, involving an incision in the posterior fornix of the vagina, is sometimes performed to drain pus or blood accumulated in which peritoneal pouch? A. Vesico-uterine pouch B. Pouch of Douglas (recto-uterine pouch) C. Ovarian bursa D. Para-vesical pouch

Answer 31

B. Pouch of Douglas (recto-uterine pouch)

Question 32

Bulging of the bladder through the weakened anterior vaginal wall is called: A. Rectocele B. Enterocele C. Cystocele D. Uterine prolapse

Answer 32

C. Cystocele

Question 33

Bulging of the rectum through the weakened anterior vaginal wall is called: A. Rectocele B. Enterocele C. Cystocele D. Uterine prolapse

Answer 33

A. Rectocele

Question 34

List the stages of Uterine Prolapse.

Answer 34

Type 1 — Uterus sinks in vagina Type 2 — Uterus sinks into vaginal canal Type 3 — Uterus sinks into vaginal opening Type 4 — Uterus sinks outside vagina

Question 35

The greater vestibular glands (Bartholin's glands) secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to which male glands? A. Prostate gland B. Seminal vesicles C. Bulbourethral glands D. Epididymis

Answer 35

C. Bulbourethral glands

Question 36

List the types Hymen.

Answer 36

Annular Cribrifrom Semilunar Fringed Concave Imperforate

Question 37

State the function of the greater vestibular glands (Bartholin's glands) and state its location.

Answer 37

The secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina. Location - located posterior to the left and right opening of vagina.

Question 38

Give the function of the lesser vestibular glands (Skene glands) and state its location.

Answer 38

Secretes a fluid that lubricates the urethral opening. Location: anterior wall of vagina, around the lower end of the urethra.

Question 39

To which male structure is the clitoris homologous?

Answer 39

Penis

Question 40

To which male structure is the Bartholin’s glands homologous?

Answer 40

Bulburetheral glands in males

Question 41

The body of the clitoris is formed by?

Answer 41

Corpus cavernosa and bulbs of vestibule.

Question 42

List the following relations of the Vagina: — Anterior — Posterior — Lateral

Answer 42

Anterior — Base of bladder and urethra Posterior — peritoneum, recto- uterine pouch, anal canal and musculo- fibrous perineal body Lateral — Levator ani muscle and pelvic fascia

Question 43

During a routine gynecological examination, a physician performs a bimanual palpation, including palpation of the vaginal walls. When palpating the anterior wall of the vagina, which of the following structures would the physician expect to be directly related and potentially palpable? a) Rectum b) Ovary c) Urethra d) Ureter e) Uterine tube

Answer 43

c) Urethra Also, pubic symphysis and uterine bladder

Question 44

A patient presents with a history suggestive of ovarian torsion or prolapse. During a vaginal examination, palpation can provide valuable diagnostic information. Where is the most likely location within the vagina to palpate a prolapsed ovary? a) Along the anterior wall, checking for urethral or bladder displacement b) Within the rectouterine pouch, accessible via palpation of the posterior fornix c) Along the lateral walls, checking for the urogenital diaphragm d) Near the vaginal introitus, checking the hymen structure e) Along the posterior wall, checking for rectal bulging (rectocele)

Answer 44

c) Along the lateral walls, checking for the urogenital diaphragm Lateral structures — Ovary Fallopian tubes Urogenital diaphragm Ureter

Question 45

A patient presents with a history suggestive of ovarian torsion or prolapse. During a vaginal examination, palpation can provide valuable diagnostic information. Where is the most likely location within the vagina to palpate a prolapsed rectum? a) Along the anterior wall, checking for urethral or bladder displacement b) Within the rectouterine pouch, accessible via palpation of the posterior fornix c) Along the lateral walls, checking for the urogenital diaphragm d) Near the vaginal introitus, checking the hymen structure e) Along the posterior wall, checking for rectal bulging (rectocele)

Answer 45

e) Along the posterior wall, checking for rectal bulging (rectocele) Also, anal canal.