Physio: Ovarian Physiology Flashcards
(37 cards)
According to the source, which type of cell division occurs exclusively in gametes?
a) Mitosis
b) Binary fission
c) Meiosis
d) Endomitosis
c) Meiosis
Mitosis — somatic cells
What are the two primary functions of the ovaries listed in the source?
a) Secrete androgens and support pregnancy
b) Produce somatic cells and store fat
c) Produce mature gametes and secrete female sexual hormones
d) Filter blood and produce clotting factors
c) Produce mature gametes and secrete female sexual hormones
According to the source, which layer of the ovary is the outer layer, lined by germinal epithelium, and contains oocytes enclosed in follicles?
a) Medulla
b) Stroma
c) Cortex
d) Hilum
c) Cortex — germinal/cubodial epithelium
The ovarian medulla (stroma) primarily contains which components, according to the source?
a) Oocytes and granulosa cells
b) Antral fluid and zona pellucida
c) Blood vessels and connective tissue
d) Germinal epithelium and polar bodies
c) Blood vessels and connective tissue
The source states that oogonia (immature gametes) appear in ovaries by what week of intrauterine life?
a) 1st week
b) 3rd week
c) 6th week
d) 12th week
c) 6th week
Differentiation of oogonia to primary oocytes continues until approximately what age after birth, according to the source?
a) 1 month
b) 3 months
c) 6 months
d) 12 months
c) 6 months
Once primary oocytes are formed, they enter the first phase of meiosis I but remain arrested until puberty. What is the name of this specific phase?
a) Anaphase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Prophase I
d) Telophase I
c) Prophase I
According to the source, how many primary oocytes typically continue meiosis I and complete it just before ovulation, during each menstrual cycle after puberty?
a) All primary oocytes
b) Few hundred primary oocytes
c) One primary oocyte
d) Zero primary oocytes
c) One primary oocyte
Meiosis II in the secondary oocyte occurs only in which specific event, according to the source?
a) Completion of meiosis I
b) Ovulation
c) Menstruation
d) Fertilization
d) Fertilization
According to the source, oogonia are diploid cells containing how many chromosomes?
a) 23
b) 23 pairs
c) 46
d) 46 pairs
c) 46
When oogonia develop into primary oocytes, each chromosome is replicated. According to the source, what is the described genotype of primary oocytes?
a) 23 + 23
b) 46 + 46
c) 23
d) 46
b) 46 + 46
When a primary oocyte enters meiosis I, it generates two daughter cells. One is the secondary oocyte, and the other, which degenerates, is called the:
a) Ovum
b) Zygote
c) First polar body
d) Second polar body
c) First polar body
According to the source, the secondary oocyte generated after meiosis I is a haploid cell with what genotype?
a) 46
b) 46 + 46
c) 23 + 23
d) 23
c) 23 + 23
Immediately after fertilization, the secondary oocyte enters meiosis II to produce the ovum and a second daughter cell that degenerates. What is this second daughter cell called?
a) First polar body
b) Second polar body
c) Corpus albicans
d) Corpus luteum
b) Second polar body
Prior to meiosis II, the secondary oocyte has a haploid genotype of 23 + 23. During the cell division, which chromosomes go to the ovum, according to the source?
a) 23 copies
b) 23 original chromosomes
c) All 46 chromosomes
d) Both original and copies
b) 23 original chromosomes
23 copies foes to second polar body
In addition to the maternal chromosomes, the ovum receives 23 paternal chromosomes from the spermatozoa after fertilization. What is the total number of chromosomes in the ovum after this event, according to the source?
a) 23
b) 23 pairs
c) 46
d) 46 pairs
c) 46
The primordial follicle consists of a primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of flat, spindle-shaped cells. What are these cells called?
a) Granulosa cells
b) Theca cells
c) Pregranulosa cells
d) Cumulus cells
c) Pregranulosa cells
The first primordial follicle typically appears at what time point during female development, according to the source?
a) At birth
b) At puberty
c) By 6 months after birth
d) At the 6th week of intrauterine life
d) At the 6th week of intrauterine life
According to the source, which of the following changes occurs when a primordial follicle develops into a primary follicle?
a) Formation of an antrum
b) Differentiation of theca cells
c) Pregranulosa cells become cuboidal granulosa cells
d) Completion of meiosis I by the oocyte
c) Pregranulosa cells become cuboidal granulosa cells
What layer, composed of mucopolysaccharides secreted by granulosa cells, immediately surrounds the oocyte and is formed during the development of the primary follicle?
a) Theca interna
b) Theca externa
c) Zona pellucida
d) Cumulus oophorus
c) Zona pellucida
Which stage of follicle development is characterized by the formation of an antrum (a fluid-filled space)?
a) Primordial follicle
b) Primary follicle
c) Secondary follicle
d) Tertiary follicle
d) Tertiary follicle
The fluid secreted by granulosa cells into the antrum serves what primary purpose, according to the source?
a) To facilitate ovulation
b) To provide nutrients to the primary oocyte
c) To attract sperm
d) To form the zona pellucida
b) To provide nutrients to the primary oocyte
The source states that only one tertiary follicle is selected for further maturation and becomes protected from apoptosis. What is this selected follicle called?
a) Primordial follicle
b) Graafian follicle
c) Dominant follicle
d) Atretic follicle
b) Graafian follicle
Upon full maturation, the dominant follicle is also referred to by what other name, according to the source?
a) Primary follicle
b) Secondary follicle
c) Preovulatory follicle
d) Corpus luteum
c) Preovulatory follicle
