Angiosperms 2 Flashcards
Fruit
Typically consists of a mature ovary but can also include other flower parts
What is the purpose of fruit
protect seeds and aid in their dispersal
Types of fruits
simple fruits dry fruits simple fleshy fruits aggregate fruits Multiple fruits
Simple fruits
Ripened single or compound ovary within a single carpel
Dry fruit examples
Achene, Legume, Samara, Nut, Fibrous drupe
Achene
dandelions, strawberries
Legume
pea, peanut, bean
Samara
maple, ash, elm
Nut
acorn, beech, hazelnut
Fibrous Drupe
coconut, walnut
Simple fleshy fruits
Berries - grapes, tomatoes, oranges
Drupes - stone fruits, olives, mangos
Aggregate fruits
single flower with multiple carpels
blackberries, raspberries
Multiple fruits
Pineapple, breadfruit
What do drupe contain
fleshy exocarp, and mesocarp, hard endocarp
Two main groups of angiosperm
monocots (one cotyledon) and eudicots (true dicots)
What does edict include
some groups formerly assigned to the paraphyletic dicot (two cotyledons) group
Basal Angiosperm
three small lineages
Include Amborella trichopoda, water lilies, and star anise
What do Magnoliids include
magnolias, laurels, and black pepper plants
Mognoliids are more closely related to ____ and ____ than _______
monocots, eudicots, basal angiosperms
What are Magnoliids
Dicots but not Eudicots
Nutmeg, Cinnamon, Pepper, Avocado, Kava
Monocots
Mote than one quarter of angiosperm species
- 60,000 species
- flower parts come in multiples of three
- often have parallel leaf veins
Palms
Evolved at end of the cretaceous
2,600 species
Tropical, subtropical, and warm climates
Grasses
Family Poaceae 9-10,000 species bamboo wheat sugar cane Rye Maize
Orchids
Considered largest family of angiosperms (Asteraceae is comparable)
-22,000 species
