Origin of Pectoralis Major
Anterior surface of medial half of clavicle and anterior surface of sternum along the superior 6 costal cartilages
Insertion of Pectoralis Major
Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
What does the pectoralis major do?
Adduction, flexion, and internal rotation
What innervates the pectoralis major?
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Origin of Pectoralis Minor
3rd – 5th Rib
Insertion of Pectoralis Minor
Coracoid process
What does the pectoralis minor do?
Downward rotation and anterior tilt of the scapula
What innervates the pectoralis minor?
Medial pectoral nerves
Origin of Subclavius
1st rib
Insertion of Subcavius
Inferior clavicle
What does the subclavius do?
Depress the clavicle
What innervates the subclavius?
Nerve to subclavius
Origin of serratus anterior
Lateral regions of ribs 1-8
Insertion of serratus anterior
Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
What does the serratus anterior do?
Protracts the scapula, holds it against the thoracic wall, and rotates the scapula (lower fibers = upward rotation and upper fibers = downward rotation)
What innervates the serratus anterior?
Long Thoracic Nerve
Origin of Trapezius
Medial third of superior nuchal line (back of neck)
External occipital protuberance
Nuchal Ligament
Spinous processes of C7 - T12 vertebrae
Insertion of Trapezius
Posterior border of lateral third of clavicle
Acromion
Scapular spine
What does the Trapezius do?
Upper Trapezius upward rotates and elevates the scapula
Middle Trapezius abducts/retracts the scapula
Lower Trapezius upwardly rotates and abducts
What innervates the trapezius?
Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI)
Origin of Latissimus Dorsi
Spinous processes of T7-T12
Thoracolumbar fascia
Posterior part of iliac crest
Inferior 3-4 ribs
Insertion of Latissimus Dorsi
Floor of bicipital groove of humerus
What does the latissimus dorsi do?
Extension, adduction, and internal rotation of humerus.
When the humerus is fixed it also raises the body towards the arm
What innervates the latissimus dorsi?
Thoracodorsal nerve
Origin of Levator Scapulae
Transverse processes of C1-C4
Insertion of Levator Scapulae
Medial scapular border between superior angle and end of scapular spine
What does the levator scapulae do?
Scapular elevation
Downward rotation of the scapula
Lateral flexion (if the scapula is fixed)
What innervates the levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular nerve
Origin of Rhomboid Minor
Lower ligamentum nuchae
Spines of C7 and T1
Insertion of Rhomboid Minor
Medial end of spine of scapula
What does the rhomboid minor do?
Adduction, Downward Rotation, and Elevation
What innervates the rhomboid minor?
Dorsal scapular nerve
Origin of Rhomboid Major
Spines of T2-T5 vertebrae
Insertion of Rhomboid Major
Medial border of scapula from spine to inferior angle
What does the rhomboid major do?
Adduction
Elevation
Downward Rotation
What innervates the rhomboid major?
Dorsal scapular nerve
