Cardiovascular System Flashcards Preview

620: Clinical Human Anatomy > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cardiovascular System Deck (27)
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1
Q

What side of the heart is larger?

A

Right side of the heart is larger than the left (cardiac notch)

2
Q

Which ventricle is larger (strongest)?

A

left ventricle

3
Q

Pulmonary vs. Systemic circulation

A

Pulmonary circulation = Heart-Lungs-Heart

Systemic circulation = Heart-Body-Heart

4
Q

How many valves are in the heart?

A

4
2 atrioventricular valves
2 semilunar valves

5
Q

What are the 2 atrioventricular valves?

A

The tricuspid valve on the right side and the bicuspid on the left side

6
Q

What is the bicuspid valve aka?

A

mitralvalve

7
Q

What are the 2 semilunar valves?

A

The pulmonary valve on the right side and the aortic valve on the left side

8
Q

What is the tough, membranous sac that encases the heart called?

A

The pericardium

9
Q

What arteries supply blood to the heart muscles?

A

Coronary arteries

10
Q

What do the coronary arteries branch off of?

A

They are the first branch off of the aorta

11
Q

As the right coronary artery descends it gives rise to what artery that supplies the right ventricle?

A

The right marginal artery

12
Q

At the superior end of the IV groove, the left coronary artery divides into what 2 branches?

A

1) the anterior descending (interventricular) artery

2) the circumflex branch

13
Q

What does the Left anterior descending artery supply?

A

the left atrium and left ventricle

14
Q

What does the circumflex branch supply?

A

the posterior aspect of the heart

15
Q

What ensures there is blood flow to the entire heart when blood flow is blocked in one coronary artery?

A

Anastomosis

16
Q

Describe the flow of blood starting with the vena cave and ending with the aorta (include the valves it asses through)

A

Superior/Inferior Vena Cava –> Right Atrium –> Tricuspid Valve –> Right ventricle –> Pulmonary Semilunar Valve –> Pulmonary Trunk –> Pulmonary Arteries –> Lungs –> Pulmonary Veins –> Left Atrium –> Bicuspid Valve –> Left Ventricle –> Aortic Semilunar Valve –> Aorta

17
Q

Systole is the ______ phase

Diastole is the ______ phase

A

contraction (blood is pumped out of ventricles)

relaxation (blood fills the ventricles)

18
Q

What node is the pacemaker of the heart?

A

The sinoatrial node

19
Q

What is the sinoatrial node located?

A

In the posterior wall of the right atrium

20
Q

The SA node sends the signal to what node?

A

Atrioventricular node

21
Q

What is the function of the AV node?

A

It delays the impulse by 1/10 of second, allowing the atria to contract before the ventricles

22
Q

_____ fibers rapidly spread the impulse to contract throughout ventricles

A

Purkinje

23
Q

Which ventricle has the thickest walls?

A

left

24
Q

What effects doe training have on each atria and ventricle?

A

With physical training the left ventricle wall thickens. There is no increase in atria of right ventricle wall thickness even with training

25
Q

On an EKG the P wave represents what?

A

atrial depolarization (contraction)

26
Q

On an EKG the QRS interval represents what?

A

ventricular depolarization (contraction) and minimal atrial repolarization

27
Q

On an EKG the T wave represents what?

A

ventricular repolarization