Shoulder Region Information

Question 1

Scaption = __ - __ degrees from the horizontal plane

Answer 1

25 - 30

Question 2

The superior angle of the scapula falls at __.

Answer 2

T1

Question 3

The scapular spine falls at __.

Answer 3

T2/T3

Question 4

The inferior angle falls at __.

Answer 4

T7

Question 5

What are the 4 sternoclavicular ligaments?

Answer 5

1) Anterior Sternoclavicular Ligament
2) Posterior Sternoclavicular Ligament
3) Anterior Interclavicular Ligament
4) Posterior Interclavicular Ligament

Question 6

What are the two acromioclavicular ligaments?

Answer 6

1) Corococlavicular ligament

2) Corocoacromial ligament

Question 7

Describe the function of the corococlavicular ligament

Answer 7

Suspends the coracoid process of scapula from clavicle, this helps to reinforce the acromioclavicular joint

Question 8

Describe the function of the Corocoacromial ligament

Answer 8

forms coracoacromial arch which protects the shoulder joint superiorly and prevents superior displacement of head of humerus

Question 9

If damaged which AC ligament results in shoulder separation?

Answer 9

corococlavicular ligament

Question 10

What is the function of the labrum?

Answer 10

To stop the movement of the humeral head

Question 11

Does the labrum repair itself?

Answer 11

No, it is cartilage therefore it must be repaired surgically. Usually via SLAP repair

Question 12

What are the 3 reinforcements of the Shoulder Joint?

Answer 12

• Glenohumeral Ligaments
• Corocohumeral Ligaments
• Rotator Cuff

Question 13

Which shoulder reinforcement closes off the corocoacromial arch? What does this prevent?

Answer 13

Corocohumeral Ligaments

This prevents superior displacement from the glenoid cavity

Question 14

Which ligament holds the biceps tendon into the bicipital groove?

Answer 14

Transverse Humeral Ligament

Question 15

4 Muscles of the RC and in what direction they support?

Answer 15

(1) Supraspinatus supports superiorly
(2) Infraspinatus and (3) Teres Minor support inferiorly
(4) Subscapularis supports anteriorly

Question 16

What aspect is the least supported in the shoulder joint and why?

Answer 16

Inferiorly because there are no rotator cuff muscles

Question 17

What is the most common dislocation?

Answer 17

Anterioinferior

Question 18

What is the clavipectoral fascia?

Answer 18

A suspensory ligament of the axilla that connects the clavicle to the floor of the armpit

Question 19

What is the suprascapular foramen?

Answer 19

The rout through which structures pass between the base of the neck and the posterior scapular region

Question 20

What 2 structures form the suprascapular foramen?

Answer 20

The suprascapular notch and the suprascapular ligament

Question 21

The suprascapular artery passes ____ the suprascapular nerve

Answer 21

Over

Question 22

Describe abduction in those who have a torn rotator cuff

Answer 22

They can maintain 90 degress of abduction, but they cannot actively abduct to 90 degrees.

Question 23

The deltoid is most active from __ degree to __ degrees

Answer 23

60 - 120

Question 24

what will a weakness in the serratus anterior result in?

Answer 24

Winged scapula

Question 25

What muscles are responsible for elevation of the scapula?

Answer 25

- Upper Trapezius | - Levator Scapulae

Question 26

What muscles are responsible for depression of the scapula?

Answer 26

- Pectoralis minor | - Latisimuss Dorsi

Question 27

What muscles are responsible for protraction (abduction) of the scapula?

Answer 27

- Pectoralis minor | - Serratus Anterior

Question 28

What muscles are responsible for retraction (adduction) of the scapula?

Answer 28

- MiddleTrapezius | - Rhomboids

Question 29

What muscles are responsible for upward rotation of the scapula?

Answer 29

- Upper and Lower Traps | - Serratus Anterior

Question 30

What muscles are responsible for downward rotation of the scapula?

Answer 30

- Levator Scapulae - Rhomboids - Pectoralis Minor

Question 31

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint flexes?

Answer 31

Upward rotation and protraction

Question 32

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint extends?

Answer 32

Downward rotation and retraction

Question 33

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint hyperextends?

Answer 33

Scapular tilt

Question 34

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint abducts?

Answer 34

Upward rotation

Question 35

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint adducts?

Answer 35

Downward Rotation

Question 36

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint internally rotates?

Answer 36

protraction

Question 37

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint externally rotates?

Answer 37

retraction

Question 38

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint horizontally abducts?

Answer 38

retraction

Question 39

What happens at the shoulder girdle when the shoulder joint horizontally adducts?

Answer 39

protraction

Question 40

What are the 2 most common types of shoulder dislocation?

Answer 40

1) Anterior (most common) - occurs when the head of the humerus is forced out of its articular capsule in a forward direction past the glenoid lip and then upward to rest under the coracoid process 2) Downward - occurs when the head of the humerus is forced into a position below the glenoid cavity

Question 41

What muscles are responsible for flexion of the arm?

Answer 41

- Anterior deltoid | - Pectoralis Major (clavicular head)

Question 42

What muscles are responsible for extension of the arm?

Answer 42

- Posterior Deltoid - Latissimus Dorsi - Teres Major - Pectoralis Major (sternal head)

Question 43

What muscles are responsible for abduction of the arm?

Answer 43

- Middle Deltoid | - Supraspinatus

Question 44

What muscles are responsible for adduction of the arm?

Answer 44

- Pectoralis major - Teres major - latissimus dorsi

Question 45

What muscles are responsible for external rotation of the arm?

Answer 45

- Infraspinatus - Teres Minor - Posterior Deltoid

Question 46

What muscles are responsible for internal rotation of the arm?

Answer 46

- Latissimus dorsi - teres major - subscapularis - pectoralis major - anterior deltoid