Integumentary System Flashcards Preview

620: Clinical Human Anatomy > Integumentary System > Flashcards

Flashcards in Integumentary System Deck (26)
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1
Q

How much area does the skin cover?

A

about 2 square meters (22 square feet)

2
Q

How much does the skin weigh?

A

4.5-5 kg (10-11 lb)

3
Q

What are the 2 layers of skin?

A

Epidermis and Dermis

4
Q

What is the epidermis derived from?

A

the embryonic ectoderm

5
Q

What is the dermis derived from?

A

the embryonic mesoderm

6
Q

What layer is found beneath the dermis?

A

hypodermis (the subcutaneous tissue)

7
Q

What is the function of the hypodermis?

A

it anchors the skin loosely to the underlying tissues (muscle)

8
Q

What does the skin do when its hot?

A

Receptors in the skin send signals to the hypothalamus which will trigger the skin to release water and sodium which will cool the skin via convection

9
Q

What does the skin do when its cold?

A

Blood vessels constrict to prevent heat loss, there is involuntary muscle contraction (shivering), and the subcutaneous fat preserves heat

10
Q

What is a dermal papilla?

A

a cone shaped protrusion at the base of the follicle which feeds blood and therefore nutrients to the hair bulb

11
Q

What is a sebaceous (oil) gland?

A

a gland that lubricates and keeps the hair healthy and shiny

12
Q

What is an arrector pili?

A

a tiny muscle anchored to the follicle that contracts and make the hair stand up straight

13
Q

What 2 types of stimuli do arrector pili respond to?

A

scary and cold stimuli

14
Q

What type fiber types are found in the dermis?

A

collagen and elastin

15
Q

What is the function of the dermis?

A

It provides skin tone and accounts for the strength and toughness of the skin

16
Q

What structures are found in the dermis?

A

Vascular tissue
Afferent nerve endings
Hair

17
Q

What is the hypodermis composed of?

A

mainly adipose tissue plus some areolar tissue

18
Q

What are the 3 types of burns from least sever to most?

A

1) 1st degree (superficial)
2) 2nd degree (partial thickness)
3) 3rd degree (full thickness)

19
Q

What layers of the skin are damaged in a 1st degree burn?

A

just the epidermis (sunburn)

20
Q

What layers of the skin are damaged in a 2nd degree burn?

A

the epidermis and into the superficial part of the dermis

21
Q

What is characteristic of a 2nd degree burn?

A

blisters

22
Q

What layers of the skin are damaged in a 3rd degree burn?

A

The entire epidermis and dermis are destroyed, and part of the hypodermis is damaged

23
Q

What is characteristic of a 3rd degree burn?

A

loss of bloodplasma by exudation and often times blackened skin

24
Q

What is required in order for a 3rd degree burn to heal?

A

a skin autograph

25
Q

What is cyanosis?

A

It is a blue discoloration of the skin caused by an excess of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin molecule

26
Q

If a person suffers a burn on the forearm that destroys the epidermis and a portion of the dermis would you expect to find hair growing in the area of the injury after it heals?

A

Yes, because it does not damage the subcutaneous layer where the hair receives it’s blood supply and nutrients