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Block 6 > Anxiolytics > Flashcards

Anxiolytics Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

symptoms of anxiety

A

restlessness
tachycardia
sweating
insomina

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2
Q

brain structures involved in anxiety

A

hippocampus

amygdala

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3
Q

uses of anxiolytic drugs

A

anesthesia
anxiety and psychiatric disorders
acute anxiety
alcohol and other drug withdrawal

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4
Q

classes of anxiolytic drugs

A

barbiturates
benzodiazepines
buspirone
antidepressants

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5
Q

antidepressants used for anxiety

A

SSRI
SNRI
TCA
MAOI

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6
Q

first choice drugs for anxiety

A

SSRI

SNRI

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7
Q

benzos bind to GABA receptors and

A

increase frequency of opening

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8
Q

barbiturates bind to GABA receptors and

A

increase duration of opening

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9
Q

flumazenil

A

bento antagonist used for OD of benzos

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10
Q

limitations of flumazenil

A

doesn’t work for alcohol, barbiturate, or other anesthetic overdoses

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11
Q

clonazepam

A

benzo with slower onset of action

used to treat withdrawal from benzos

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12
Q

active metabolite of some benzos

A

desmethyldiazepam

formed by phase 1 oxidation at liver

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13
Q

benzo excretion

A

phase 2 glucuronidation and excreted by kidneys

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14
Q

long acting benzos

A 
converted to desmethyldiazepam
30-200h
chlordiazepoxide
diazepam
flurazepam
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15
Q

fluazepam

A

long acting benzo

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16
Q

chlordiazepoxide

A

long acting benzo

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17
Q

flurazepam

A

long acting benzo

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18
Q

short acting benzos

A 
skips phase 1 oxidation
used for hypnotics
3-27h
alprazolam
lorazepam
oxazepam
temazepam
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19
Q

alprazolam

A

short acting benzo

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20
Q

lorazepam

A

short acting benzo

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21
Q

oxazepam

A

short acting benzo

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22
Q

temazepam

Study These Flashcards
A

short acting benzo

23
Q

ultra short acting bentos

Study These Flashcards
A

1-5h

triazolam

24
Q

triazolam

Study These Flashcards
A

short acting benzo

best sleep aid

25
contraindications to benzo use
required mental alertness alcohol, drug, substance abuse pregnant breast feeding
26
ADR of benzos
``` drowsiness dizziness ataxia respiratory depression disinhibition rare- increased aggression, allergic reactions ```
27
risk factors of using benzos
``` impaired liver function, age renal disease COPD, sleep apnea myasthenia gravis history of substance abuse, cognitive disorders, CNS depression ```
28
risks associated with abruptly stopping benzos
rebound anxiety/insomina | withdrawal symptoms- paranoia, depression, suicidal ideation, delirium, seizures
29
worst class of drug for physical dependence
benzos
30
indications for benzo use (9)
``` GAD panic social anxiety PTSD acute stress adjustment disorder with anxiety bipolar anxiety associated with life events akathisia ```
31
benzo drug interactions
CYP interactions- increase plasma levels rifampin and tobacco- decrease plasma levels food and antacids- decrease absorption additive with sedative and CNS depressants
32
buspirone MOA
5HT1a partial agonist presynaptic dopamine antagonist partial alpha1 agoinst
33
benefits of buspirone
no sedation, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxation no tolerance or cross tolerance no potential for addiction or dependance
34
buspirone use
chronic anxiety- takes days/weeks to see an affect | GAD
35
drugs for panic disorder
``` SSRI (gold standard) TCA SNRI benzos- used to accelerate onset and reduce side effects of the antidepressants MAOI- only if others don't work ```
36
GAD drugs
benzos buspirone SNRI SSRI
37
SNRI for GAD
venlafaxine
38
SSRI for GAD
paroxetine | citalopram
39
SSRI for panic disorder
setraline | paroxetine
40
TCA for panic disorder
imipramine | clomipramine
41
SNRI for panic disorder
venlafaxine
42
benzos for panic disorder
alprazolam clonazepam lorazepam
43
drugs for social anxiety disorder
SSRI bentos beta blockers antihistamines
44
SSRI for social anxiety disorder
sertraline paroxetine venlafaxine
45
beta blocker for social anxiety disorder
propranolol
46
antihistamines for social anxiety disorder
diphenhydramine | hydroxyzine
47
drugs for OCD
TCA | SSRI
48
drugs that do not work for OCD
buspirone other TCAs MAOI buproprione
49
TCA for OCD
clomipramine
50
SSRI for OCD
sertraline paroxetine fluoxetine fluvoxzamine
51
drugs for PTSD
SSRI- first line bentos TCA, SNRI, MAOI adrenergic inhibitors
52
trazadone
for PTSD | augments SSRI effectiveness and reverses insomnia and sedation
53
adrenergic inhibitors for PTSD
alpha2 agonists clonidine guanfacine
54
effects of adrenergic inhibitors for PTSD
reduces hyperactivity, nightmares, startle, rage, hyper vigilance

Block 6 (24 decks)

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