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Block 6 > Heme Lab Testing > Flashcards

Heme Lab Testing Flashcards

1
Q

EDTA and citrate

A

anticoagulants in sample tubes

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2
Q

MCV

A

mean cell volume

average RBC volume

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3
Q

RBC

A

red blood cell count

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4
Q

Hb

A

converts Hb to hemoglobin cyanide and measures the abosrption

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5
Q

Hct

A

hematocrit

MCV x RBC

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6
Q

MCHC

A

mean cell hemoglobin concentration
average mass of Hb per cell
Hb/RBC

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7
Q

spurious thrombocytopenia

A

platelets stick to white cells which appears as a reduction in platelet count

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8
Q

MPV

A

mean platelet volume

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9
Q

CBC with differential

A 
complete blood count including #/% of
lymphocytes
monocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
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10
Q

appearance of normal red cells

A

pink rim that is 2/3 the diameter

diameter 7-8 um

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11
Q

neutrophil

A

large
filled with fine granules
5 nuclear lobes

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12
Q

band cell

A

immature neutrophil
horseshoe nucleus
more granulation

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13
Q

left shift

A

more bands

indicates infection

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14
Q

RDW

A

red cell distribution width

range of RBC sizes

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15
Q

RDW is increased in

A

most anemias

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16
Q

neutrophil count is increased in

A

acute bacterial infections

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17
Q

lymphocyte

A

same size as RBC

nucleus takes up most of cell

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18
Q

lymphocyte elevation in

A

chronic infection
acute viral disease
some lymphomas

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19
Q

atypical lymphocytes

A

look similar to monocytes

BUT nucleus is indented and the cell forms around RBC

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20
Q

atypical lymphocytes are elevated in

A

mononucleuosis

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21
Q

monocyte

A

very large
blue
cytoplasm has vacuoles
nuclear cleft

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22
Q

monocytes elevated in

A

chronic infections
collagen vascular disease
some lymphomas

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23
Q

eosinophil

A

bright red granules

bilobed nucleus

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24
Q

eosinophils elevated in

A

atopic reactions
parasite infections
hodgkin lymphoma

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25
basophil
smaller than neutrophil basophilic (blue) granules block nucleus rare
26
basophils elevated in
CML
27
band count vs absolute neutrophil count
band count- hard to get | ANC- total white count * neutrophils- better for monitoring infection
28
low ANC
low absolute neutrophil count | risk for infection
29
reticulocyte
immature RBC, larger non nucleated RNA fragments seen with special stain
30
reticulocyte count used for
assessing bone marrow function
31
reticulocyte count corrected for anemia
% reticulocytes x patient Hct/normal Hct
32
what is elevated if reticulocyte count is elevated
MCV
33
macrocytes
large RBC
34
microcytes
small RBC
35
spherocytes
round RBC | loss of central area of pallor
36
shistocytes
helmet looking- semicircle with pointy ends
37
shistocyte presence indicates
microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
38
ovalocytes
oval RBC
39
ovalocyte presence indicates
hereditary ovalocytosis iron deficiency thalassemia
40
drepanocytes
sickle cells
41
ancanthrocyte
spur cell irregular thorn-like projections no area of central pallor
42
ancanthrocyte presence indicates
advanced liver disease | malnutrition
43
echinocyte
burr cell | regular thorny projections
44
condocyte
target cell leptocyte excess membrane that folds on itself and Hg gets pushed to center
45
condocyte presence caused by either
reduced Hb content | increased RBC membrane
46
causes of reduce Hb content
thalassemia hemoglobinopathy iron deficiency anemia
47
causes of increased RBC membrane
post splectomy | liver disease
48
rouleaux
chain of RBC
49
cause of rouleaux
monoglobinopathy
50
Dohle body
ER bounced at cell periphery | reactive- in infections
51
Pelter-Huet cells
bilobed neutrophil nucleus | myelodysplastic syndromes
52
Howell Jolly body
RBC with DNA in int
53
cause of Howell Jolly body
post splectomy megaloblastic anemia hemolytic anemia
54
Howell Jolly body presence = risk of
encapsulated bacterial infections
55
hyperhsegmented neutrophil
6+ lobed nucleus
56
hyperhsegmented neutrophil association
megaloblastic anemia
57
cause of basophilic stippling
``` thalassemia lead poisoning 5' pyridine nucleotides deficiency liver disease megaloblastic anemia ```
58
anisocytosis
RBC size variation
59
poikilocytosis
shape variation
60
hypochromic
low Hb

Block 6 (24 decks)

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