Bacillus anthracis and other bacilli Flashcards
(13 cards)
1
Q
Bacillus Anthracis General info
A
- Zoonotic, spreads with animal feces
- Spore forming
- Woolsorter’s Disease
2
Q
B. Anthracis Morphology
A
- Gram Positive
- Rods (look like chain)
- Encapsulated
- Obligate Aerobes
- Gram doesnt stain spores (oval hole)
3
Q
B. Anthracis Culturing
A
- Easy to culture on simple agar
- Large, Flat colonies
- Irregular edges (medusa)
- Non-hemolytic on blood agar
(only cultured in BSL3 lab!!)
4
Q
B. Anthracis Virulence
A
- Poly-D-glutamyl Capsule
- Anthrax Toxin
- Spore formation
5
Q
Anthrax Toxin
A
- Edema Factor (I): increase cAMP, Edema
- Protective Antigen (II): binds both
- Lethal Factor (III): Zinc-metalloprotease, cleaves MAPK, necrosis
6
Q
B. Anthracis Diseases
A
Depends on Portal of entry
- Cutaneous Anthrax (black eschar)
- Pulmonary Anthrax (woolsorter) & Hemorrhagic Pneumonia
- GI Anthrax
- Injection Anthrax (IV drug users)
7
Q
B. Anthracis Treatment
A
- Fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin)
- Doxycyclin
- Anthrax Ig (antitoxin)
8
Q
Bacillus Cereus General Info
A
- Ingestion of soil contaminated foods like rice
- Spores not killed in cooking
- Spores germinate if left at room temp
- Opportunistic pathogen
9
Q
B. Cereus Morphology
A
- Gram Positive
- Rod
- Non-encapsulated
- Gram doesnt stain spores (oval hole)
10
Q
B. Cereus Culturing
A
- Easily on Simple Agar
- Large, Flat colonies, irregular edges (medusa)
- B-Hemolytic on blood agar
- Egg yolk agar tests Lecithinase positivity
11
Q
B. Cereus Diseases
A
- Food poisoning by Toxin in food: Emetic & Diarrheal form (heat-stable/labile)
- Wound infection (rare)
12
Q
B. Cereus Treatment
A
- Antibiotics ineffective cause symptoms due to Toxin
- Rehydration therapy
13
Q
Bacillus Genus AB production
A
- Bacillus Subtilis: Bacitracin
- Bacillus Polymyxa: Polymixin
