Brucella, Pasteurella, Francisella, Bartonella Flashcards
(24 cards)
Brucella Genus
10 species, 4 cause human disease:
- B. Abortus (cattle)
- B. Melitensis (goat/sheep)
- B. Suis (swine/raindeer)
- B.Canis (dog/fox/coyotes)
= Brucellosis or Undulant fever
Brucella info
- Zoonotic
- Direct contact with animals
- Indirectly by ingesting unpasteurized milk, dairy, raw meat
- Inhalation (category B bioterrorist weapon)
= incubation of 1-3 weeks
Brucella Morphology
- Gram Negative
- Coccobacilli
- Non-encapsulated
- Facultative I.C
- Obligate Aerobe
- Brucella Agar
Brucella Virulence factors
- Endotoxin (LPS)
- no exotoxins
Brucella Diseases
- Inhibit Phagosome-Lysosome fusion so can cause Bacteremia to Liver/Spleen
- Brucellosis (undulant fever): Fever, Anorexia, Myalgia, Orchitis, can cause Chronic symptoms if untreated 3-6 months
Brucella Disease by Species
- B. Abortus, Canis: Mild disease & rare complication
- B. Suis: Destructive lesions
- B. Melitensis: Severe disease & severe complications
Brucella Treatment
- Doxycycline
- TMP-SMX in pregnant/child
- Rifampicin
Pasturella Info
- P. Multicodica, Canis
- Normal flora of Animals
- Infection after bite or scratch from dog/cat
P. Multicodica Morphology
- Gram Negative
- Coccobacilli
- Facultative Anaerobic
- Encapsulated
- Fastidious
- 5% sheep blood Agar or Chocolate agar
P. Multicodica Virulence Factors
- Polysaccharide Capsule
- 5 serogroups A, B, D, E, F
P. Multicodica Diseases
- Cellulitis of bite wound
- Osteomyelitis
- Arthritis
- Immunocomp have severe cases like Pneumonia or Sepsis
P. Multicodica Treatment
- Penicillin (B-lactams)
- Augmentin (amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid)
P. Multicodica Microbiological Diagnosis
- Wound swap or blood culture
- Bipolar Safety-pin staining
- Oxidase +
Francisella Tularensis info
- Infected rabits/rodents to human via direct contact or Tick Bites!
- Aerosol by inhalation
F. Tularensis Morphology
- Gram Negative
- Coccobacilli
- Capsulated
- Non-motile
- Obligate Aerobic
- Facultative I.C
- Fastidious & requires Cysteine
F. Tularensis Virulence factors
- Can multiply in RES cells (macrophages)
- Polysaccharide Capsule
F. Tularensis Diseases
Tularemia = Rabbit fever
- Ulceroglandular: Tick/direct, Skin ulceration
- Oroglandular: Ingestion, Lymphadenopathy
- Oculoglandular: Direct eye, conjunctivitis
- Enteral: Ingestion, Abdominal pain, vomit, nausea, bloody diarrhea
- Pneumonic: Inhalation, Pneumonia
F. Tularensis Treatment
- Streptomycin (aminoglycosides)
- Gentamycin
- Resistant to B-lactams due to B-lactamase enzymes
F. Tularensis Microbiological Diagnosis
- Dangerous to Culture
- Chocolate or BCYE agar
Bartonella info
- Formerly classified as Rickettsia
- B. Henselae, Quintana
Bartonella Morphology
- Gram Negative
- Coccobacilli
- Warthin-starry stain (silver)
B. Henselae info
- Mosty cats & dogs scratch, bite, flea
- Cat-Scratch Disease in Immunocompetent, lymphadenitis, self-limiting
- Bacillary Angiomatosis in Immunocomp., vascular skin lesions, need to differentiate from Kaposi sarcoma (viral) lymphocytic infiltrate, vs BA neutrophil inf.
B. Quintana info
- Through Body louse
- Trench Fever: recurrent fever pattern, flu-like symptoms, Rash
Bartonella Treatment
- Doxycycline
- Macrolides (azithromycin)
