Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter Flashcards
(21 cards)
Psudomonas Aeruginosa Info
- Ubiquitous bacterium, found almost everywhere
- Colonize wet habitats
- ESKAPE pathogen so MDR
- Opportunistic pathogen
Pseudomonas Morphology
- Gram Negative Rod
- Encapsulated
- Non-fermenting
- Obligate Aerobe
- Motile
- Oxidase Positive
- Green/Blue pigment (pyoverdin/cyanin)
- Grape-like scent
- B-Hemolysis on blood agar
Pseudomonas Non-toxic Virulence Factors
- Capsule
- Fimbriae/Pili
- Pyochelin (siderophore- Fe abs)
- Flagella
- BPs & Adhesins
- Biofilm
- Elastase, PL, Collagenase, Lecithinase
Pseudomonas Toxic Virulence Factors
- Endotoxin (LPS)
- Exotoxin A: Ribosylates EF-2, preventing protein synth (toxA gene)
- Exotoxin S
Pseudomonas Diseases
- Pneumonia (VAP, nosocomial)
- Burn wound infections or SSIs
- Hot tub folliculitis
- Bloodstream infection or Sepsis
- UTI (catheter)
- Contact-lens infections
Pseudomonas Treatment
Difficult as MDR
- Piperacillin
- Aminoglycosides
- Fluoroquinolones
(antibiogram necessary)
Acinetobacter Baumannii General Info
- Thrives in hospital environment
- ESKAPE pathogen so MDR
- Opportunistic pathogen
Acinetobacter Morphology
- Gram Negative Rod
- Encapsulated
- Obligate Aerobe
- Oxidase Negative
- Non-fermenting
- Non-motile
- y-Hemolysis (none), grey colonies
Acinetobacter Virulence Factors
- Capsule (polysaccharide)
- Biofilm formation
- Endotoxin (LPS)
Acinetobacter Diseases
- VAP
- Burn wound infections
- Cannula associated Bloodstream infection or Sepsis
- UTI (plastic catheter)
- SSIs
Acinetobacter Treatment
Difficult as MDR
- MACI: Multiresistant Acinetobacter Baumanii
- CRAB: Carbapenem Resistant Acinetobacter Baumanii
(Antibiogram necessary)
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia General Info
- Common in environment
- Especially in hospitals
- Opportunistic nosocomial pathogen
- Produce acid from carbs in presence of O2
Stenotrophomonas Morphology
- Gram Negative Rod
- Obligate Anaerobe
- Non-fermenting
- Non-motile
- Oxidase negative
Stenotrophomonas Virulence
Biofilm formation
Stenotrophomonas Disease
Nosocomial infections
- Lung (VAP)
- UTIs
- Sepsis
Stenotrophomonas Treatment
Hard as MDR
- Often sensitive to SMX-TMP
Burkholderia Genus info & types
- Gram Negative Rods
- Ubiquitous
- Opportunistic infections
- B. Mallei, Pseudomallei, Cepacia complex
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex Info
- Several Species
- Can form Biofilm
- Cause Nosocomial infections like severe pneumonia in CF patients & patients with Chronic Granulomatous disease
Burkholderia Mallei Info
- Causes Glanders = Disease mainly effecting horses
- Rare spread from horse to human, causing severe Pneumonia or Abscess
Burkholderia Pseudomallei Info
- Causes Meliodosis in Humans
- Skin, soft tissue, lung infections
- Severity is a range
Burkholderia Treatment
Very very MDR
- SMX-TMP may be used
