Salmonella Flashcards
(14 cards)
Salmonella Genus Info
- Enterobacteriaceae family
- Can colonize any animal and grouped based on host specificity
- Facultative I.C
Salmonella Groups
- Humans: S. Typhi, Paratyphi A/B/C
- Animals: S. Typhisuis
- Animal/Human: S. Enteriditis, Typhimurium
Salmonella Morphology
- Gram Negative
- Rods
- Facultative Anaerobic
- Peritrich Flagella
Salmonella Culturing
- Optimum 37˚C
- H2S producing = Black on Bismuth-Sulfate Agar
- Lactose, Indol, Urease NEG
Salmonella Serology
- Somatic O Antigens
- Flagellar H Antigen
- Capsular K/Vi Antigen
Salmonellosis info
- Caused by S. Enteriditis, Typhimurium, Choleraesuis
- Normal Animal Intestinal Flora
- High infectious dose required (acid labile)
- Causes Gastroenteritis
Salmonellosis Virulence
- Flagella
- Endotoxin
- Exotoxin (Enterotoxin)
- Cytotoxins
- Capsule!
Salmonellosis Diagnosis
- EMB agar clear colonies Lactose negative
- Bismuth-Sulfate agar black colonies H2S producer
Salmonella Typhi General
- Feco-oral contamination
- Only from Humans
- High infectious dose needed
S. Typhi Virulence
- Capsule (Vi antigen)
- Flagella
- Endotoxin
S. Typhi Pathogenesis
1) Primary Bacteremia: Asymptomatic 2weeks, taken by macrophages of peyers patches, to mesenterial lymph nodes, spleen, liver, kidney, lung
2) Secondary Bacteremia: Bacteria multiply, high CFU, systemic inflammation
3) Perforation: Bacteria back to bowel via gallbladder, ulceration & perforation of bowel, peritonitis & sepsis
S. Typhi Disease
Typhoid Fever
- Ladder rise in temp over 4-5 days
- Headache, abdominal pain, constipation
- >week, hepatosplenomegaly, rose spots
- 3 weeks: Typhoid state, toxemia, delirium, Diarrhea
S. Typhi Treatment
- Fluoroquinolones, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, TMP-SMX, Amox.
- 2 Vaccines: Live attenuated oral or Polysaccharide capsule Vi vaccine
- 3% of survivors permanently carry in gallbladder
Paratyphi Differences
- No vaccine (no Vi antigen, B might)
- Paratyphoid fever less severe
- Internal complications rare (perforation)
