BIO 150 - 2nd Test Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in BIO 150 - 2nd Test Deck (22)
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1
Q

What do plant cells have that animal cells do not?

A
  • Chloroplasts
  • Cell Wall
  • Central Vacuole
2
Q

What is the space in the cell past the phospholipid bilayer?

A

Lumen.

3
Q

What organelles are within the nucleus?

A
  • Chromatin
  • Nucleolus
  • Nuclear Envelope
4
Q

What is the Tonoplast?

A

A structure within the Central Vacuole that determines the tone of the cell.

5
Q

What is the product at the bottom of a homogenate tube after centripetal force is applied (centrifuge)?

A

The heaviest parts of the homogenate such as the nuclei.

6
Q

What are within the nucleus?

A

Chromosomes.

7
Q

What does the nucleolus do?

A

Create ribosomal subunits for RNA.

8
Q

What is within the Endomembrane System?

A
  • Nuclear Envelope
  • Smooth ER
  • Rough ER
  • Golgi Apparatus
  • Lysosome
9
Q

What is the Cis side of a cell?

A

Receiving side of Golgi Apparatus.

10
Q

What is the Trans side of a cell?

A

Shipping side of Golgi Apparatus.

11
Q

What is the purpose of the Lysosome?

A

Digestive functions.

12
Q

How do Prokaryotes move?

A

Through a rotor (spinning propeller-like motion), called Flagellum Spins.

13
Q

How do Eukaryotes move?

A

The flagella flaps back and forth made from an arranged pattern of microtubules (9+2), called Flagellum Waves.

14
Q

What are the 3 types of Junctions?

A
  • Tight Junction [Buttons]
  • Desmosome (Anchoring Junction) [Zippers]
  • Gap Junction (Communicating Junction) [Tunnels]
15
Q

What are Cell Walls made of?

A

Cellulose.

16
Q

What are the 3 components of a membrane?

A
  • Phospholipids
  • Cholesterol
  • Proteins
17
Q

What does Lysozome do?

A

Grabs proteins and thrashes them apart.

18
Q

What is Competitive Inhibition?

A

Molecules compete for an active site.

19
Q

What is an Allosteric Site?

A

The site serves as an on or off switch (binding a substance to the site can switch enzyme between its active and inactive configuration).

20
Q

How much ATP does each NADH and FADH2 produce?

A
  • 3 ATP

- 2 ATP

21
Q

Fermentation of alcohol produces what, which lactate does not?

A

CO2.

22
Q

What are the earliest photosynthesizers?

A

Cyanobacteria.

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