Biology Chapter 8 Test

Question 1

What consists of an adenine, a 5 carbon sugar called ribose, and 3 phosphate groups.

Answer 1

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 2

When the bond between the second and third phosphate groups are broken, what is created?

Answer 2

ADP (adenosine diphosphate)

Question 3

What kind of energy powers movements by providing power to muscles and other structures?

Answer 3

biochemical energy

Question 4

TRUE OR FALSE: ATP is a great way of transferring energy, but not storing large amounts of energy over long periods of time.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What are organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things?

Answer 5

heterotrophs

Question 6

What are organisms that are capable of making their own food?

Answer 6

autotrophs

Question 7

Where does nearly all the energy in all food molecules come from?

Answer 7

The sun

Question 8

What is the process in which autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to produce high-energy carbohydrates (sugars and starches) which can be used as food?

Answer 8

photosynthesis

Question 9

What are light absorbing molecules called?

Answer 9

photosynthetic pigments

Question 10

Where are chlorophyll pigments located?

Answer 10

in the thylakoid membranes

Question 11

What happens when chlorophyll absorbs light energy?

Answer 11

it causes the electrons to be energized

Question 12

How do electrons become energized?

Answer 12

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy.

Question 13

What is a compound that can accept a pair of high energy electrons and transfer them, along with most of their energy, to another molecule?

Answer 13

electron carrier (NADP+).

Question 14

What is the job of NADP+?

Answer 14

It accepts and hold 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion (H+).

Question 15

What happens when NADP+ accepts and hold 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion (H+)?

Answer 15

NADP+ becomes NADPH and some of the energy from sunlight is trapped into a chemical form.

Question 16

What is the process in which an organism uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide (reactants) into high-energy 6 carbon sugars and oxygen (products)?

Answer 16

photosynthesis

Question 17

What is the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 17

Six carbon dioxide molecules react with six water molecules using the sun’s energy in the presence of chlorophyll to produce one glucose molecule and 6 oxygen molecules.

Question 18

What is the first set of reaction that takes place in the thylakoid membrane?

Answer 18

light dependent reactions

Question 19

What are the products of light dependent reactions?

Answer 19

ATP, NADPH, and oxygen

Question 20

What are the products of light independent reactions?

Answer 20

NADP+, ADP + P, sugars (starch, cellulose, glucose)

Question 21

Which reaction uses energy from sunlight to produce oxygen and convert NADP+ into the energy carriers NADPH and ATP?

Answer 21

Light dependent reaction

Question 22

What are clusters of chlorophyll and proteins in the thylakoid membrane called?

Answer 22

Photosystem II

Question 23

What is the movement of the H+ ion across the membrane that causes ATP synthase to spin and bind a phosphate group to ADP to create ATP?

Answer 23

Chemiosmosis

Question 24

What is the process in which ATP and NADPH from Light Dependent Reactions is used to create high energy sugars in the stroma of the chloroplast?

Answer 24

Light Independent Reaction/Calvin Cycle

Question 25

What diagram consists of adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate groups grouped together?

Answer 25

ATP

Question 26

What part of the chloroplast is the single membrane that can be referred to as a pancake of sorts?

Answer 26

The thylakoid membrane

Question 27

What part of the chloroplast is the "outside" which surrounds the thylakoid stacks?

Answer 27

stroma

Question 28

What part of the chloroplast consists of several thylakoids stacked together?

Answer 28

the granum

Question 29

What part of the chloroplast is outside of the stroma layer?

Answer 29

chloroplast (membrane)

Question 30

What is the photosynthesis balanced chemical equation in diagram form?

Answer 30

6CO2 + 6H2O SUNLIGHT C6H12O6 +6O2

Question 31

Autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to produce high-energy carbohydrates -sugars and starches= that can be used as food.

Answer 31

Photosynthesis

Question 32

The primary difference in the structures of ATP and ADP is that ATP had ________ phosphate groups and ADP has ________ phosphate groups.

Answer 32

three, two

Question 33

One way cells use the energy provided by ATP is to

Answer 33

carry out active transport

Question 34

What are saclike photosynthetic membranes

Answer 34

thylakoids

Question 35

what are interconnected and stacked thylakoid

Answer 35

granum

Question 36

what is the fluid portion of the chloroplast around the thylakoids

Answer 36

the stroma

Question 37

What are the reactants in light dependent reactions?

Answer 37

H2O, NADP+, and ADP

Question 38

What is released as a byproduct in LDR?

Answer 38

oxygen

Question 39

Products of LDR?

Answer 39

ATP and NADPH

Question 40

Reactants of Light Independent Reactions?

Answer 40

ATP and NADPH

Question 41

LIR take place where?

Answer 41

In the stroma outside of the thylakoids.

Question 42

Products of LIR?

Answer 42

glucose, NADP+ and H2O

Question 43

the compound used by cells to store and release energy in order for the cell to do mechanical functions

Answer 43

ATP

Question 44

The diagram with all three phosphate groups together

Answer 44

ATP

Question 45

The diagram with two phosphate groups

Answer 45

ADP

Question 46

The diagram with three phosphate groups, however one is broken off from the others.

Answer 46

ATP/ADP Molecule Diagram

Question 47

It powers movement through providing power to muscles and other structures.

Answer 47

Biochemical Energy

Question 48

photosynthetic organelles - chlorophyll pigments are found where

Answer 48

chloroplasts, thylakoid membranes

Question 49

What process uses energy from sunlight to produce oxygen and convert ADP and NADP+ into the energy carriers ATP and NADPH?

Answer 49

Light Dependent Reactions

Question 50

Hydrogen Ion movement and ATP Formation

Answer 50

LDR

Question 51

What step of the Calvin Cycle is this process: Carbon Fixation

Answer 51

Step 1

Question 52

What step of the Calvin Cycle is this process: "Regeneration", beginning the cycle once again

Answer 52

Step 4

Question 53

What step of the Calvin Cycle is this process: ...transported from chloroplast to make glucose, where starches will be made, rubisco, etc.

Answer 53

Step 3

Question 54

What step of the Calvin Cycle is this process: 12 C3, 12 ATP, 12 ADP, 12 NADPH, 12 NADP+

Answer 54

Step 2

Question 55

What helps make ATP?

Answer 55

ETC (electron transport chain)

Question 56

H2O, NADP+, and ADP, are all reactants of Photosystem II, in light-dependent reactions. What is the energy source?

Answer 56

(sun) light

Question 57

What connects Photosystems I and II?

Answer 57

the electron transport chain (ETC)

Question 58

What does Photosystem I in light-dependent reactions, produce?

Answer 58

NADPH and ATP

Question 59

ATP and NADPH, released from LDR, then go into what?

Answer 59

Light independent reactions, aka "The Calvin Cycle."

Question 60

LIR release what, which then flows back into Photosystem II from LDR, starting the process all over again?

Answer 60

NADP+ and ADP

Question 61

What is the "byproduct" of light-independent reaction?

Answer 61

glucose (C6H12O6)

Question 62

THIS ENTIRE PROCESS TAKES PLACE WHERE?

Answer 62

The thylakoids, granum, and most importantly the STROMA IN THE CHLOROPLAST!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Question 63

YOU ARE DOING SO GREAT!!!!!!!!

Answer 63

YOU TOTALLY GOT THIS GIRL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!