Blood Bank Lab 1 Flashcards
(196 cards)
1
Q
what Ag are on a RBC with blood type A
A
A
2
Q
what Ag are on a RBC with blood type B
A
b
3
Q
what Ag are on a RBC with blood type AB
A
A and B
4
Q
what Ag are on a RBC with blood type O
A
none
5
Q
what Ab are in plasma with blood type A
A
anti B
6
Q
what Ab are in plasma with blood type B
A
anti A
7
Q
what Ab are in plasma with blood type AB
A
none
8
Q
what Ab are in plasma with blood type O
A
anti A and anti B
9
Q
what sugar defines type O blood
A
fucose
10
Q
what sugar defines type A blood
A
N- acetylgalactosamine
11
Q
what sugar defines type B blood
A
galactose
12
Q
what part of the blood is used for ABO blood type testing
A
RBC and plasma/serum (both required)
13
Q
what part of the blood is used during forward type testing
A
RBC
14
Q
what part of the blood is used during reverse type testing
A
plasma/ serum
15
Q
what is the order of blood parts when it is centrifuged (top to bottom)
A
plasma, WBC & platelets, and RBC
16
Q
what immunoglobulin is in Anti a reagent
A
IgM
17
Q
what color is anti a reagent
A
blue
18
Q
what color is anti b reagent
A
yellow
19
Q
what causes agglutination in a forward type test
A
anti ab reacting with ag on pt RBC
20
Q
Grade: type O blood + anti A (forward rxn)
A
0
21
Q
Grade: type O blood + anti b (forward rxn)
A
0
22
Q
Grade: type O blood + anti A,B (forward rxn)
A
0
23
Q
Grade: type A blood + anti A (forward rxn)
A
4+
24
Q
Grade: type A blood + anti b (forward rxn)
A
0
25
Grade: type A blood + anti A, b (forward rxn)
4+
26
Grade: type B blood + anti A (forward rxn)
0
27
Grade: type B blood + anti b (forward rxn)
4+
28
Grade: type B blood + anti A,b (forward rxn)
4+
29
Grade: type AB blood + anti A (forward rxn)
4+
30
Grade: type AB blood + anti b (forward rxn)
4+
31
Grade: type AB blood + anti A, b (forward rxn)
4+
32
Grade: type O blood + A1 cells (reverse rxn)
4+
33
Grade: type O blood + B cells (reverse rxn)
4+
34
Grade: type A blood + A1 cells (reverse rxn)
0
35
Grade: type A blood + B cells (reverse rxn)
4+
36
Grade: type B blood + A1 cells (reverse rxn)
4+
37
Grade: type B blood + B cells (reverse rxn)
0
38
Grade: type AB blood + A1 cells (reverse rxn)
0
39
Grade: type AB blood + B cells (reverse rxn)
0
40
how do you label tubes during a ABO blood type test
last 3 digits of pt ID # with A or B
41
do you use capital or lowercase A and B for labeling the reverse rxn
lowercase
42
do you add the reagents or RBC last during an ABO blood type test
RBC
43
T or F: pt's RBC need to be diluted before ABO testing
T
44
what color should the RBC be after diluting
similar color to A1 and B cell reagents
45
does the Rh blood group have naturally occurring abs
no
46
if you have the rh ag "D" what does this mean
rh pos
47
if you get a neg rh what has to be done
37 degree C incubation phase and AHG testing phase
48
what immunoglobulin is rh ab
IgG
49
what rh ag typing reagent has limited availability; expensive; and lengthy incubation time
saline reactive
50
can you use saline reactive reagent with a weak D
no
51
what rh ag typing reagent increase the likelihood of false pos
high protein
52
what has to be run with a high protein rh reagent
manufacturers control
53
can you use high protein rh reagent with a weak D
yes
54
what rh ag typing reagent relaxes ab molecule by breaking disulfide bonds. ab span distance between RBC in low protein medium
chemically. modified
55
can chemically. modified rh reagent be used with weak d
yes
56
what rh ag typing reagent hybridize to increase ab production and ab strength
monoclonal
57
if a pt is weak D pos what are they considered
rh pos
58
can you give weak d blood to a d neg pt
no
59
what do expecting mothers need to be tested for
weak d
60
can you give d neg blood to a weak d pt
yes
61
if d tube rxn is pos and rh control is neg cell are considered _____
rh pos
62
if d tube rxn is neg and rh control is neg preform _____ ______
du testing
63
what are the 2 most important blood group when transfusing
ABO and Rh
64
what 2 genes make up the lewis system
H and Se
65
what ag are dectected in saliva
Lea and Leb
66
what chain are lewis ags expressed on
type 1
67
lewis ag are passively _____ onto RBCs from ______
absorbed; plasma
68
what is the most common lewis phenotype
Le (a- b+)
69
what lewis phenotype has lewis abs
Le (a- b-)
70
why do pregnant women have lewis abs
they lose their lewis phenotype during pregnancy
71
what kind of immunoglobulin are lewis abs
IgM
72
are lewis Ab clinically significant
no
73
what kind of ab can be induced by. pregnancy and transfusion
anti-K
74
def? developed ab when exposed to blood
alloantibody
75
t or f: anti k is rare
t
76
what is the most common kell phenotype
K- k+
77
what kind of immunoglobulin is anti- K
IgG
78
is anti- K clinically significant
yes
79
does anti- K bind to C'
no
80
what ags are the most important in routing blood bank serology
duffy
81
what are the 2 Duffy ags
Fya and Fyb
82
what ags are developed as early as 6 weeks gestational age and fully developed at birth
duffy
83
what kind of Duffy phenotype is resistant to malaria
Fy(a- b-)
84
what kind of malaria are Fy(a-b-) resistant to
P. vivax
85
what is the most common Duffy ab
anti-Fya
86
what kind of immunoglobin are Duffy abs
IgG
87
what kind of ab shows dosage (3)
duffy, MNS, and kidd
88
what kind of HTR are associated with Duffy abs
acute and delayed
89
what are the ags of the Kidd system
Jka and Jkb
90
T or F: Kidd ags are not very immunogenic
T
91
what kind of alleles are Jka and Jkb
codominate allleles
92
T or F: Kidd abs are very common
F
93
what kind of immunglobin are Kidd abs
IgG
94
if someone has a delayed HTR to Kidd abs what color will their plasma be
smokey gray
95
T or F: Kidd abs cause HDFN
F
96
what special ab do people with Jk(a-b-) phenotype have
anti-Jk3
97
which one of the Kidd ab can cause HTR and HDFN
anti-Jk3
98
where are M and N ags found
on glycophorin A
99
where are S and s ags found
glycophorin B
100
what sytem do these ags belong to M, N, S, and s
MNS
101
T or F: MNS ags are well developed at birth
T
102
what MNS abs are naturally occurring
anti-M
103
what immunoglobin is the most common form of anti-M
IgM
104
what MNS ab is more common in children and pts with bacterial infections
anti-M
105
what ab is made from M+N-
anti-N
106
what is the most common form of anti-N
IgM
107
what kind of immunoglobulins are anti-S/s
IgG
108
what test has this principle: based on antihuman globulins obtained from immunized non-human species bind to human globulins
Coombs/antiglobulin test
109
what does the Coombs test detect
sensitized RBC
110
what is polyspecific reagent contain
human IgG and C3d
111
what is monospecific reagent contain
either anti-IgG or anti-C3b/d
112
what will occur if the RBC are not washed properly during the Coombs test
false neg
113
what kind of antiglobilin test detects in vivo sensitized RBC
direct
114
what kind of antiglobilin test detects in vitro sensitized RBC
indirect
115
what does a varied reaction strength suggest during Ab testing
more than 1 ab is present or dosage
116
what are the 3 types of Ab id methods
tube test, column agglutination, and solid phase
117
T or F: you can use different Ab id methods for initial and ab detection tests
F
118
what does a neg auto control mean in an ab id test
suggest alloantibody is present
119
what does a pos auto control mean in an ab id test
suggest transfusion rxn or autoantibody.
120
what is the exception to the rule if anti-D is present
exclude anti-C and anti-E
121
when is a X match done on a pt
when they need a transfusion
122
what does the donor questioner ask
healthy? info correct? pregnant? mediation? traveled? vaccines?
123
how much does someone have to weigh to donate blood
greater than 110 lbs
124
how often can you donate blood
every 2 months
125
how often can you donate platelets
every 7 days
126
why does the donor questioner ask if you have traveled
they want to know if you have gone anywhere where malaria is prevalent
127
if you are a prostitute or gay can you donate blood
no
128
once a donor fills out the q's what happens
they go into a screening room to go over q's and do a slight physcical
129
what is tested during the slight physical (4)
hemoglobin, blood pressure, pulse, and temp
130
what does your hemoglobin have to be for women
12.5 or higher
131
what does your hemoglobin have to be for men
13 or higher
132
how long does it take for your blood to be taken
10-15 min
133
how long are RBC good for
35-42 days
134
what affects how long RBC are good for
anticoagulent
135
how long are platelets good for
5-7 days
136
what temp are platelets stored at
room temp
137
why are platelets only good for a short period of time
activity and bacteria grows at room temp
138
where does your blood go if you volunteer
to anyone
139
where does your blood go if you are a direct donor
specific person
140
why is it best to sometimes get volenteer blood
there is no conflict of interest
141
where does your blood go if it is an autologous donation
yourself
142
what diseases are screened for prior to donation (7)
hep b, hep c, HIV, West Nile virus, HTLV virus, and syphilis
143
what must the platelet conc be
3.01 * 10 ^11
144
Which is not included on a properly labeled specimen?
Patient’s home address
145
How many days before a pretransfusion specimen expires?
3 days
146
How many days must a pretransfusion specimen and donor unit segments be retained post-transfusion?
7 days
147
If a blood type cannot be resolved, what ABO group should be selected for a red blood cell transfusion?
O blood
148
Which antibody specificity is not required in antibody detection tests?
Cw
149
A patient has a history of anti-Jk a . The antibody screen is negative. Which red blood cell unit should be selected, and what type of crossmatch should be performed?
Jk(a-) red blood cells, antiglobulin crossmatch
150
Which is not true of rouleaux formation?
Can be seen in the antiglobulin test
151
A patient’s blood type is AB-negative, but there are no AB-negative red blood cell units available. What donor units could be selected?
A- neg
152
A patient requires 15 units of thawed plasma for an apheresis procedure. The patient’s blood type is O-negative. What donor units could be selected? (3)
O-negative, AB-positive, A-negative
153
The American College of Surgeons recommends transfusion of red blood cells, thawed plasma, and platelets in what ratio for a massive transfusion?
1 unit of red blood cells to 1 unit of thawed plasma to 1 unit of platelets
154
A patient’s antibody screen was positive and an anti-c was identified. Antiglobulin crossmatches were performed with c-negative units and 1 of the 6 units was incompatible. What should be performed to resolve the incompatible crossmatch?
Retype the incompatible unit for the c antigen, Perform a DAT on the incompatible unit, Perform additional identification testing to include low-specificity antigens
155
A mother, 30 weeks’ pregnant, has anti-K with a titer of 32. An intrauterine red blood cell transfusion is indicated. The donor unit selected should be all of the following except :
Positive for sickling hemoglobin
156
A patient with sickle cell disease is B-positive with a pos antibody screen. The antibody identified is anti-D, and the autocontrol is negative. What is a possible explanation?
Patient possesses the partial D phenotype
157
what kind of unit needs x match testing
RBC
158
what kind of sample is used in x match
pt plasma
159
if there is agglutination during a X match what does this mean
donor blood is NOT compatible with pt blood
160
if there is no agglutination during a X match what does this mean
donor blood is compatible with pt blood
161
does HDFN occur in utero or ex-utero
both
162
what causes HDFN
baby has RBC ags that are foreign to mom --> mom makes abs that attack baby RBC
163
T or F: if the mom is pregnant w/ her 1st child and she is RH neg and the baby is RH pos. the baby will not be harmed
T
164
what is the most common ab that cause HDFN
anti-D
165
how is the baby transfused while still in the mom
sonar
166
if titer is high what does this mean for the chance of HDFN
increased
167
what kind of sample is used for a DAT on a fetus
cord blood
168
why does cord blood need to washed 3x during a DAT
worton jelly contaminates
169
what is given to an RH neg mom w RH pos baby
RHIG
170
if more than 5 rosettes are seen during a fetal screen what does this mean
maternal hemarage
171
how many doses of IgG should be given to an Rh neg mom with less than 5 rosettes
1
172
what test tells you how much fetal blood is in the mothers circulation
kleihauer betke test
173
what plasma is compatible with O blood
O, A, B, AB
174
what plasma is compatible with A blood
A and AB
175
what plasma is compatible with B blood
B and AB
176
what plasma is compatible with AB blood
AB
177
what specific antibody classes are specific to anti A and anti B
IgM
178
Incompatibility of what blood type causes the most serious transfusion reaction
ABO or O blood
179
what kind of sample is used for a DAT
pt RBC
180
what kind of sample is used for a IAT
pt serum
181
what specific type of test is used for weak D testing
Du test
182
how is the weak D test preformed
after D testing wash tube 3x --> add AHG, spin, read
183
rh ab are apart of what antiglobin class
IgG
184
if someone is Rh pos what is there Weiner phenotype
D
185
Weiner phenotype: Dce
R0
186
Weiner phenotype: DCe
R1
187
Weiner phenotype: DcE
R2
188
Weiner phenotype: DCE
Rz
189
Weiner phenotype: dce
r
190
Weiner phenotype: dCe
r'
191
Weiner phenotype: dcE
r''
192
Weiner phenotype: dCE
ry
193
what clinical conditions would have a pos DAT
TRXN, lupus, anemia, HDN
194
principle of antiglobin test
antihuman globulin (AHG) antibodies combine with RBCs coated with human immunoglobulin or complement
195
which rh ab is association HDFN
Rh neg
196
what blood group can receive FFP
O
